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Perspectives on leaf dorsoventral polarity.

Dóra Szakonyi¹, Alexis Moschopoulos, Mary E Byrne

¹John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK.

Journal of Plant Research

|April 7, 2010

Summary

Leaf development involves complex gene regulation to establish distinct upper (adaxial) and lower (abaxial) sides. This review explores genetic mechanisms controlling leaf dorsoventral polarity and future research directions.

Area of Science:

Plant Biology
Developmental Biology
Genetics

Background:

Leaf morphology exhibits vast diversity, crucial for optimizing photosynthesis.
Leaf development from stem cells to mature organs involves intricate processes like cell differentiation and organogenesis.
Establishing leaf dorsoventral polarity (adaxial/abaxial identity) is key to planar leaf formation.

Purpose of the Study:

To review regulatory mechanisms governing leaf dorsoventral polarity.
To synthesize current understanding of gene regulation in leaf development.
To identify unresolved questions and future research avenues in leaf polarity establishment.

Main Methods:

Literature review of genetic and molecular studies on leaf development.
Analysis of gene regulation mechanisms including transcriptional, epigenetic, and post-translational control.

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Focus on model plant systems, particularly Arabidopsis.

Main Results:

Numerous genes controlling stem cell maintenance, differentiation, and organogenesis have been identified.
Diverse gene regulatory mechanisms (transcriptional, chromatin, DNA, small RNA, translational, post-translational) are involved in establishing leaf polarity.
Detailed genetic models for leaf dorsoventrality have been refined over the past decade.

Conclusions:

Leaf dorsoventral polarity is established through complex, multi-layered gene regulatory networks.
Understanding these mechanisms provides insights into fundamental plant development.
Further research is needed to fully elucidate remaining questions in leaf polarity development.