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Related Concept Videos

Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance02:40

Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance

Early diagnosis and treatment can often cure cancer. However, even with treatment, residual cells called cancer stem cells (CSC) might remain, often causing tumor recurrence. These cancer stem cells possess the potential for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation and are often responsible for the therapeutic resistance displayed in most cancers.
Cancer stem cells are thought to originate from tissue-specific normal stem cells or progenitor cells. The normal stem cells usually reside in...
Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance02:40

Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance

Early diagnosis and treatment can often cure cancer. However, even with treatment, residual cells called cancer stem cells (CSC) might remain, often causing tumor recurrence. These cancer stem cells possess the potential for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation and are often responsible for the therapeutic resistance displayed in most cancers.
Cancer stem cells are thought to originate from tissue-specific normal stem cells or progenitor cells. The normal stem cells usually reside in...
Distinctive Features of Adult Stem Cells vs Cancer Stem Cells01:18

Distinctive Features of Adult Stem Cells vs Cancer Stem Cells

A stem cell is an unspecialized cell that can divide without limit as needed and can, under specific conditions, differentiate into specialized cells.
Adult stem cells
Adult stem cells are tissue-specific; hence, they divide to develop the tissue from which they originate. One type of adult stem cell is the epithelial stem cell, which gives rise to the keratinocytes in the multiple layers of epithelial cells in the epidermis of the skin. Adult bone marrow has three distinct types of stem cells:...
Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells02:53

Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells

Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...
Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration01:21

Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration

Stem cell therapy is a method used in regenerative medicine to repair and restore function to damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into various tissue types, making them ideal candidates for tissue regeneration. For example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are commonly used in blood cancer treatment to replenish damaged bone marrow and restore healthy blood cells.
Types of Stem Cells used in Stem Cell Therapy
The two main cell types that...
Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell02:21

Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell

Cancer arises from mutations in the critical genes that allow healthy cells to escape cell cycle regulation and acquire the ability to proliferate indefinitely. Though originating from a single mutation event in one of the originator cells, cancer progresses when the mutant cell lines continue to gain more and more mutations, and finally, become malignant. For example, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) develops initially as a non-lethal increase in white blood cells, which progressively...

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Establishment of Cancer Stem Cell Cultures from Human Conventional Osteosarcoma
09:25

Establishment of Cancer Stem Cell Cultures from Human Conventional Osteosarcoma

Published on: October 14, 2016

Cancer stem cells in solid tumors.

Patrick C Hermann1, Sonu Bhaskar, Michele Cioffi

  • 1Clinical Research Programme, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO), Madrid, Spain.

Seminars in Cancer Biology
|April 8, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cancer stem cells drive tumor growth and resist therapy in many solid cancers. New research highlights their role in colon cancer, suggesting targeted therapies could improve patient outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Cancer Biology
  • Stem Cell Research

Background:

  • Cancer progression involves genetic events, with long-lived stem cells as likely targets.
  • Cancer stem cells (CSCs) possess protective mechanisms against standard cytotoxic therapies.
  • Evidence confirms CSCs' role in therapy resistance in glioblastoma and pancreatic cancer, with emerging data for colon cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To consolidate evidence for the existence and significance of cancer stem cells in epithelial tumors.
  • To highlight the therapeutic challenge posed by CSCs' resistance to conventional treatments.
  • To emphasize the need for novel approaches targeting CSCs to overcome resistance.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing evidence on cancer stem cell biology and therapy resistance.
  • Analysis of mechanisms underlying CSC protection from cytotoxic agents.
  • Discussion of emerging therapeutic strategies and research needs.

Main Results:

  • Sufficient evidence supports the existence of CSCs in several epithelial tumors.
  • CSCs are a significant threat due to their inherent resistance to standard therapies.
  • Novel approaches targeting CSCs show promise in overcoming resistance mechanisms.

Conclusions:

  • Cancer stem cells are a validated entity in epithelial cancers, contributing to therapeutic failure.
  • Targeting CSCs is a promising strategy to overcome treatment resistance.
  • Further research using advanced imaging and relevant models is crucial for developing effective theranostics and improving patient prognosis.