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Updated: Jun 14, 2026

Use of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation to Assess the Origin of Myelodysplastic Syndrome
Published on: October 3, 2018
Refractory Evans syndrome after autologous stem cell transplantation for multiple myeloma: management with a second
Dai Chihara1, Takashi Sakamoto, Kazue Arimoto-Miyamoto
1Division of Hematology and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ohtsu Red Cross Hospital, Ohtsu.
Abstract:
The development of autoimmune disease after autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) is very rare in multiple myeloma (MM). We describe the first case of Evans syndrome after ASCT for MM. A 60-year-old man with MM received ASCT and subsequently developed Evans syndrome following two febrile episodes. The syndrome was refractory to conventional therapies but it was managed with a second ASCT. This unique complication was thought to have been triggered by an infection during the recovery of the immune system. We assumed that reconstructing the immune system via ASCT might eliminate infection-induced autoantibodies to platelets and erythrocytes.
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