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Related Concept Videos

Hybridoma Technology01:31

Hybridoma Technology

Hybridoma technology is used for the large-scale production of monoclonal antibodies. Monoclonal antibodies bind to only a single antigenic determinant or epitope. Such antibodies are used in research, diagnostics, and disease therapy. The hybridoma technology established in 1975 by Georges Köhler and Cesar Milstein was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1984 for revolutionizing research and therapy.
Hybridoma Selection
Commonly used fusion techniques — electroporation, polyethylene glycol...
Antibody Structure01:10

Antibody Structure

Overview
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are essential players of the adaptive immune system. These antigen-binding proteins are produced by B cells and make up 20 percent of the total blood plasma by weight. In mammals, antibodies fall into five different classes, which each elicits a different biological response upon antigen binding.
The Y-Shaped Structure of Antibodies Consists of Four Polypeptide Chains
Antibodies consist of four polypeptide chains: two identical heavy...
Antibody Structure and Classes01:25

Antibody Structure and Classes

Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins, are produced by B cells in response to foreign substances, such as bacteria and viruses. These proteins are critical for recognizing and neutralizing these substances, protecting the body from potential harm.
The basic structure of an antibody consists of four protein chains: two identical heavy chains and two identical light chains. These chains are held together by disulfide bonds and other non-covalent interactions, forming a Y-shaped structure.
Antibody Actions01:26

Antibody Actions

Antibodies, or immunoglobulins, are critical players in the immune system's arsenal against invading pathogens. Produced by B cells and plasma cells, their primary role is to detect and bind to specific antigens, molecules found on the surface of pathogens like bacteria or viruses. Beyond antigen recognition, antibodies perform several vital functions that contribute to immune defense.
Neutralization
Antibodies can bind to pathogens, preventing them from infecting host cells. This process...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 14, 2026

Generation of Discriminative Human Monoclonal Antibodies from Rare Antigen-specific B Cells Circulating in Blood
13:14

Generation of Discriminative Human Monoclonal Antibodies from Rare Antigen-specific B Cells Circulating in Blood

Published on: February 6, 2018

Alternative antibody formats.

Roland E Kontermann1

  • 1University Stuttgart, Institut für Zellbiologie und Immunologie, Allmandring 31, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany. roland.kontermann@izi.uni-stuttgart.de

Current Opinion in Molecular Therapeutics
|April 8, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Recombinant antibody formats offer improved therapeutic potential beyond traditional antibodies. This review highlights advanced antibody designs currently in clinical trials for medical applications.

Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Immunology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Genetic engineering has led to the creation of novel recombinant antibody formats.
  • While some antibody formats are clinically approved, many alternative formats are still under regulatory review.
  • Naturally occurring antibodies have limitations that newer formats aim to overcome.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in the development of alternative antibody formats.
  • To focus on therapeutic antibody formats currently undergoing clinical testing.
  • To provide an overview of the evolving landscape of antibody-based therapeutics.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of scientific publications and clinical trial data.
  • Analysis of recombinant antibody engineering strategies.

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Laboratory Scale Production and Purification of a Therapeutic Antibody
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Laboratory Scale Production and Purification of a Therapeutic Antibody

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Generation of Murine Monoclonal Antibodies by Hybridoma Technology
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Generation of Murine Monoclonal Antibodies by Hybridoma Technology

Published on: January 2, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 14, 2026

Generation of Discriminative Human Monoclonal Antibodies from Rare Antigen-specific B Cells Circulating in Blood
13:14

Generation of Discriminative Human Monoclonal Antibodies from Rare Antigen-specific B Cells Circulating in Blood

Published on: February 6, 2018

Laboratory Scale Production and Purification of a Therapeutic Antibody
09:54

Laboratory Scale Production and Purification of a Therapeutic Antibody

Published on: January 24, 2017

Generation of Murine Monoclonal Antibodies by Hybridoma Technology
09:42

Generation of Murine Monoclonal Antibodies by Hybridoma Technology

Published on: January 2, 2017

  • Summary of regulatory status for novel antibody formats.

    • Main Results:

    • Numerous recombinant antibody formats have been developed over the last 20 years.
    • Several novel antibody formats are progressing through clinical trials.
    • The therapeutic applications of engineered antibodies are expanding.

    Conclusions:

    • Alternative antibody formats show significant promise for therapeutic applications.
    • Continued research and development are crucial for bringing these novel formats to patients.
    • The field of antibody engineering is rapidly advancing therapeutic options.