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Related Concept Videos

Transducer Mechanism: Nuclear Receptors01:31

Transducer Mechanism: Nuclear Receptors

Nuclear receptors, or NRs, are unique transcription factors that regulate gene transcription and affect the cellular pathways involved in reproduction, development, or metabolism. Their ability to be stimulated by small lipophilic ligands and control vital cellular processes makes them ideal drug targets. Nearly 10-15% of currently prescribed drugs target these receptors.
About 48 different soluble family members of nuclear receptors are identified that can be divided into two main classes:
Co-activators and Co-repressors02:04

Co-activators and Co-repressors

Gene transcription is regulated by the synergistic action of several proteins that form a complex at a gene regulatory site. This is observed in eukaryotes, where the regulation of gene expression is a complex process. Regulatory proteins in eukaryotes can broadly be classified into two types – regulators that bind directly to specific DNA sequences and co-regulators that associate with regulatory proteins but cannot directly bind to the DNA. These co-regulators are further divided into...
Co-activators and Co-repressors02:04

Co-activators and Co-repressors

Gene transcription is regulated by the synergistic action of several proteins that form a complex at a gene regulatory site. This is observed in eukaryotes, where the regulation of gene expression is a complex process. Regulatory proteins in eukaryotes can broadly be classified into two types – regulators that bind directly to specific DNA sequences and co-regulators that associate with regulatory proteins but cannot directly bind to the DNA. These co-regulators are further divided into...
Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting01:45

Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting

Nuclear protein sorting regulates nucleus composition and gene expression, crucial for determining the fate of a eukaryotic cell. Hence, the entry and exit of molecules across the nuclear envelope is a tightly controlled process. Nuclear protein sorting can be inhibited by one of the following ways: 1) masking cargo signal sequences, 2) modifying the nuclear receptor's affinity for cargo, 3) controlling the nuclear pore size, 4) retaining the cargo during its transit to the cytosol or the...
Signal Transduction: Overview01:26

Signal Transduction: Overview

Cells respond to many types of information, often through receptor proteins positioned on the membrane. They respond to chemical signals, such as hormones, neurotransmitters, and other signaling molecules, initiating a series of molecular reactions to produce an appropriate response. This is called signal transduction. Cells also coordinate different responses elicited by the same signaling molecule via mediators, allowing molecular cross-talk.
Typically, signal transduction involves three...
Eukaryotic Transcription Inhibitors01:52

Eukaryotic Transcription Inhibitors

Certain biochemical processes, such as embryonic development and cell growth regulation, depend on the repression of specific genes. DNA binding proteins known as eukaryotic transcription inhibitors regulate the repression of gene expression in eukaryotes. The presence of these inhibitors at the required location and time in the cell is triggered by the presence of hormones and additional signals from other cells.
Eukaryotic transcription inhibitors usually contain two distinct domains, a DNA...

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Related Experiment Video

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Reverse Yeast Two-hybrid System to Identify Mammalian Nuclear Receptor Residues that Interact with Ligands and/or Antagonists
10:51

Reverse Yeast Two-hybrid System to Identify Mammalian Nuclear Receptor Residues that Interact with Ligands and/or Antagonists

Published on: November 15, 2013

Nuclear receptor repression: regulatory mechanisms and physiological implications.

M David Stewart1, Jiemin Wong

  • 1Department of Genetics, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.

Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science
|April 9, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Nuclear receptors (NRs) use corepressor complexes like NCoR and SMRT to inhibit gene transcription. These complexes recruit chromatin modifiers, influencing gene expression through various repression mechanisms.

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Last Updated: Jun 14, 2026

Reverse Yeast Two-hybrid System to Identify Mammalian Nuclear Receptor Residues that Interact with Ligands and/or Antagonists
10:51

Reverse Yeast Two-hybrid System to Identify Mammalian Nuclear Receptor Residues that Interact with Ligands and/or Antagonists

Published on: November 15, 2013

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Production of Nurr-1 Specific Polyclonal Antibodies Free of Cross-reactivity Against Its Close Homologs, Nor1 and Nur77

Published on: August 17, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Nuclear receptors (NRs) are key regulators of gene expression.
  • Most NRs can inhibit transcription by recruiting corepressor complexes.
  • Nuclear receptor corepressor (NCoR) and silencing mediator of retinoic and thyroid receptors (SMRT) are well-characterized corepressor complexes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the diverse modes and mechanisms of NR-mediated transcriptional repression.
  • To explore the physiological functions of NR-mediated repression.
  • To detail the role of corepressor complexes in NR function.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on nuclear receptor function and transcriptional regulation.
  • Analysis of corepressor complex composition and function.
  • Examination of NR-corepressor interactions.

Main Results:

  • NRs recruit multiprotein corepressor complexes to induce transcriptional repression.
  • Corepressor complexes contain or associate with chromatin-modifying enzymes (e.g., histone deacetylases, demethylases, methyltransferases, chromatin remodelers).
  • Two types of corepressors exist: ligand-independent (e.g., NCoR/SMRT) and ligand-dependent (LCoRs), with some coactivators also mediating repression.

Conclusions:

  • NR-mediated repression is a critical biological process involving complex molecular mechanisms.
  • Understanding NR repression provides insights into gene regulation and potential therapeutic targets.
  • Corepressor complexes play a central role in mediating the repressive functions of NRs.