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Related Concept Videos

Migration00:53

Migration

Migration is long-range, seasonal movement from one region or habitat to another. This common strategy, carried out by many different organisms around the world, is an adaptive response that typically corresponds to changes in an organism’s environment, like resource availability or climate. Migrations can involve huge groups of thousands of animals as well as single individuals traveling alone and can range from thousands of kilometers to just a few hundred meters.
Gene Flow02:39

Gene Flow

Gene flow is the transfer of genes among populations, resulting from either the dispersal of gametes or from the migration of individuals.
Conservation of Declining Populations02:07

Conservation of Declining Populations

Conservation of declining population focuses on ways of detecting, diagnosing, and halting a population decline. The approach uses methods to prevent populations from going extinct.
Habitat Fragmentation02:31

Habitat Fragmentation

Habitat fragmentation describes the division of a more extensive, continuous habitat into smaller, discontinuous areas. Human activities such as land conversion, as well as slower geological processes leading to changes in the physical environment, are the two leading causes of habitat fragmentation. The fragmentation process typically follows the same steps: perforation, dissection, fragmentation, shrinkage, and attrition.
Genetics of Speciation02:16

Genetics of Speciation

Speciation is the evolutionary process resulting in the formation of new, distinct species—groups of reproductively isolated populations.The genetics of speciation involves the different traits or isolating mechanisms preventing gene exchange, leading to reproductive isolation. Reproductive isolation can be due to reproductive barriers that have effects either before or after the formation of a zygote. Pre-zygotic mechanisms prevent fertilization from occurring, and post-zygotic mechanisms...
Testing a Claim about Mean: Unknown Population SD01:21

Testing a Claim about Mean: Unknown Population SD

A complete procedure of testing a hypothesis about a population mean when the population standard deviation is unknown is explained here.
Estimating a population mean requires the samples to be approximately normally distributed. The data should be collected from the randomly selected samples having no sampling bias. There is no specific requirement for sample size. But if the sample size is less than 30, and we don't know the population standard deviation, a different approach is used; instead...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 14, 2026

Visually Sexing Loggerhead Shrike (Lanius Ludovicianus) Using Plumage Coloration and Pattern
04:10

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Published on: March 8, 2020

Storms drive altitudinal migration in a tropical bird.

W Alice Boyle1, D Ryan Norris, Christopher G Guglielmo

  • 1Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada, N6A 5B7. aboyle7@uwo.ca

Proceedings. Biological Sciences
|April 9, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Severe tropical storms can drive bird migration by increasing mortality risks and reducing foraging time. This study provides the first evidence linking weather-related risks to altitudinal migrations in tropical animals.

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Animal Behaviour
  • Tropical Biology

Background:

  • Migration is common in diverse species, but ecological drivers remain unclear.
  • Montane tropical birds often migrate along elevational gradients.
  • Alexander Skutch hypothesized storms could cause downhill bird migration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test the hypothesis that storms increase mortality risk by reducing foraging time, driving altitudinal migration.
  • To investigate the link between storms, physiological stress, and migration in White-ruffed Manakins.
  • To provide the first evidence for weather-related risks explaining tropical animal altitudinal migrations.

Main Methods:

  • Simultaneous data collection at high and low elevation sites.
  • Measurement of plasma corticosterone, fat stores, plasma metabolites, and haematocrit.
  • Analysis of bird capture patterns relative to storm events.

Main Results:

  • Rainfall variation correlated with physiological indicators (corticosterone, fat stores, metabolites, haematocrit).
  • High-elevation residents were more negatively impacted by storms than low-elevation migrants.
  • Temporal capture patterns strongly linked altitudinal migrants to storm occurrences.

Conclusions:

  • Weather-related risks, particularly reduced foraging time during storms, can explain altitudinal migrations in tropical animals.
  • Findings resolve debates on food limitation's role in migratory behavior evolution.
  • Results have significant implications for tropical animal ecology, evolution, and conservation, especially concerning changing rainfall patterns.