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Cell entry of the aphthovirus equine rhinitis A virus is dependent on endosome acidification

Elisabetta Groppelli1, Tobias J Tuthill, David J Rowlands

  • 1Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology and Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom.

Journal of Virology
|April 9, 2010
PubMed

Insights

Equine rhinitis A virus (ERAV) offers a safer model for studying aphthovirus entry. ERAV utilizes clathrin-mediated endocytosis and early endosome acidification, similar to foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV).

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Equine rhinitis A virus (ERAV) and foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) are closely related aphthoviruses.
  • FMDV research is restricted due to high-containment requirements, unlike ERAV.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the cell entry mechanism of ERAV.
  • To validate ERAV as a surrogate model for studying FMDV cell entry.

Main Methods:

  • Immunofluorescence microscopy
  • Pharmacological inhibitors
  • Dominant-negative protein expression

Main Results:

  • ERAV entry is dependent on clathrin-mediated endocytosis.
  • Acidification of early endosomes is crucial for ERAV infection.
  • ERAV employs a similar entry pathway to FMDV.

Conclusions:

  • ERAV utilizes clathrin-mediated endocytosis and early endosome acidification for cell entry.
  • ERAV serves as a suitable and safer model for studying aphthovirus cell entry mechanisms, including FMDV.

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