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Association between lipodystrophy and leptin in human immunodeficiency virus-1-infected children receiving

Salvador Resino1, Claudia Palladino, Raquel Lorente

  • 1Laboratorio de Epidemiología Molecular de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain. mmunoz.hgugm@salud.madrid.org

The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
|April 9, 2010
PubMed

Insights

Highly active antiretroviral therapy can cause dyslipidemia and lipodystrophy (LD) in children. Increased leptin and the leptin/adiponectin ratio may signal LD development in HIV-1 patients.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric infectious diseases
  • Metabolic complications of antiretroviral therapy
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is crucial for managing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infection.
  • Dyslipidemia and lipodystrophy (LD) syndrome are potential adverse effects of HAART.
  • Understanding metabolic changes in children on HAART is essential for long-term health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the longitudinal trends of serum lipids and adipokines in HIV-1-infected children.
  • To identify potential surrogate markers for LD development in pediatric patients receiving lopinavir/ritonavir-based HAART.
  • To assess the association between specific adipokines and the incidence of LD.

Main Methods:

  • A multicenter prospective study involving 22 HIV-1-infected children.
  • Treatment duration of 48 months with lopinavir/ritonavir-based HAART.
  • Monitoring of serum lipids and adipokine levels (leptin, adiponectin) over time.

Main Results:

  • Elevated plasma leptin levels were observed.
  • An increased leptin/adiponectin ratio was associated with LD.
  • These adipokine changes suggest a link to metabolic alterations.

Conclusions:

  • Adipokines, specifically leptin and the leptin/adiponectin ratio, may serve as early indicators or surrogate markers for LD in children with HIV-1.
  • Monitoring adipokine profiles could aid in the early detection and management of HAART-associated metabolic complications.

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