Congenitally corrected transposition of great arteries with severe rhythm disturbances

Mehmet Kayrak1, Zeynettin Kaya, Enes Elvin Gul

  • 1Selcuk University, Meram Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Konya, Turkey.

Insights

Congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries (CCTGA) can cause severe rhythm disorders. This case study highlights treatment options and implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) indications for CCTGA patients with arrhythmias.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Adult Congenital Heart Disease
  • Electrophysiology

Background:

  • Congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries (CCTGA) is a complex congenital heart defect.
  • CCTGA presents with atrioventricular (AV) and ventriculoarterial (VA) discordance, leading to physiological blood flow.
  • Cardiac death in CCTGA is often attributed to complete AV block and ventricular dysfunction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a case of CCTGA with severe rhythm disorders.
  • To discuss potential treatment strategies for such cases.
  • To explore indications for implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) implantation in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD).

Main Methods:

  • Case report presentation.
  • Review of treatment options for CCTGA-related arrhythmias.
  • Analysis of ICD implantation criteria in CHD patients.

Main Results:

  • The case involved CCTGA with significant rhythm disturbances.
  • Various treatment modalities were considered.
  • The study provides insights into the role of ICDs in managing CCTGA complications.

Conclusions:

  • Arrhythmias are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in CHD.
  • ICD implantation is a consideration for CCTGA patients with severe rhythm disorders.
  • Further research is needed to refine treatment guidelines for CCTGA patients.

Related Concept Videos

Disturbances in Heart Rhythm01:29

Disturbances in Heart Rhythm

Arrhythmia or dysrhythmia refers to an abnormal heart rhythm caused by a defect in the heart's conduction system. It can cause the heart to beat irregularly, too quickly, or too slowly, leading to symptoms like chest pain, shortness of breath, and fainting. Factors such as stress, caffeine, alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, certain drugs, congenital defects, diseases, and electrolyte abnormalities can trigger arrhythmias.
Arrhythmias are categorized by their speed, rhythm, and origin. A slow heart...
Dysrhythmias IV: Characteristics of Bradyarrhythmias01:18

Dysrhythmias IV: Characteristics of Bradyarrhythmias

Bradyarrhythmias are cardiac rhythm disorders characterized by a slower-than-normal heart rate, typically defined as fewer than 60 beats per minute. Some of which are discussed here:Sinus BradycardiaSinus bradycardia presents a heart rate lower than 60 beats per minute, with a regular rhythm originating from the SA node. The ECG typically shows normal P waves preceding each QRS complex, a normal PR interval (0.12 to 0.20 seconds), and a normal QRS duration (0.06 to 0.10 seconds).First-Degree AV...
Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy01:29

Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM, is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy without ventricular dilation. It is more common in men and is typically diagnosed in young, athletic adults.EtiologyHCM is primarily genetic and is caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins. Researchers have identified over 1400 mutations across at least 11 different genes. Among these, the most frequently occurring mutations are found in the...
Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction01:20

Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction

Mitral regurgitation is characterized by the backward circulation of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium during systole, a phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart contracts and pumps blood out of the chambers. This abnormal flow occurs primarily due to the dysfunction of the mitral valve or its supporting structures, which include the mitral leaflets, chordae tendineae, annulus, and papillary muscles.Etiology and Mechanisms:Primary Mitral Regurgitation: This type arises from...
Dysrhythmias I: Introduction01:15

Dysrhythmias I: Introduction

Dysrhythmias refers to abnormalities in the heart's rhythm. They result from disruptions in the heart's electrical conduction system, which includes the sinoatrial(SA)node, atrioventricular(AV) node, the bundle of His, bundle branches, and Purkinje fibers.Definition and PathophysiologyDysrhythmias result from disorders of impulse formation, impulse conduction, or both. The heart contains specialized cells in the sinoatrial node, atrioventricular node, and the bundle of His and Purkinje fibers...
Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction01:22

Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction

Mitral Valve Stenosis (MVS) is a heart condition where the mitral valve narrows, impeding blood circulation from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The etiology and pathophysiology of this condition are multifaceted, leading to a cascade of cardiovascular complications.Causes of Mitral Valve StenosisRheumatic Heart Disease: It is the main cause of mitral valve stenosis, particularly in developing nations. This condition arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory illness resulting from...