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Hypernasality and the nasopharyngeal space. A cephalometric study.

M L Haapanen1, A Heliövaara, R Ranta

  • 1Department of Plastic Surgery, Cleft Centre, Helsinki, Finland.

Journal of Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery : Official Publication of the European Association for Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery
|February 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary

Cephalometric measurements of the nasopharyngeal space in young adults with cleft palate show a link to hypernasality. Shorter nasopharyngeal depth correlated with normal speech resonance, while longer depths were associated with hypernasality.

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Area of Science:

  • Craniofacial anatomy
  • Speech pathology
  • Medical imaging

Background:

  • Individuals with isolated cleft palate often experience velopharyngeal dysfunction, leading to hypernasality.
  • Understanding the anatomical basis of hypernasality in this population is crucial for effective treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the correlation between specific cephalometric measurements of the nasopharyngeal space and the degree of hypernasality in young adults with isolated cleft palate.

Main Methods:

  • Lateral cephalometric X-rays were analyzed in 59 young adults with isolated cleft palate.
  • Key measurements of the nasopharyngeal space (AD1-PNS, AD2-PNS, AD1-BA, AD2-SO, PNS-BA) were taken.
  • Hypernasality was quantified using a hypernasality index and analyzed with ANOVA and Duncan's multiple range test.

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Main Results:

  • Significant correlations were found between AD1-PNS and AD2-PNS measurements and the hypernasality index (p<0.05).
  • Shorter sagittal nasopharyngeal depth was associated with normal speech resonance, whereas longer depths correlated with hypernasality.
  • Other measurements (AD1-BA, PNS-BA, AD2-SO) showed no significant relationship with hypernasality.

Conclusions:

  • Cephalometric measurements of the nasopharyngeal space are correlated with hypernasality in individuals with isolated cleft palate.
  • The relationship between nasopharyngeal dimensions and hypernasality is complex and not strictly linear, warranting further investigation.