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ECG during helicopter underwater escape training.

Michael J Tipton1, Peter Gibbs, Chris Brooks

  • 1Department of Sport and Exercise Science, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK. michael.tipton@port.ac.uk

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Helicopter underwater escape training (HUET) can cause cardiac arrhythmias in individuals, though the heart rate response habituates with repeated exposure. Aerobic fitness may predict arrhythmia occurrence during this training.

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Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Aerospace Medicine
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • Autonomic conflict, arising from simultaneous sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system stimulation, can lead to cardiac arrhythmias.
  • Helicopter underwater escape training (HUET) presents a unique scenario for studying autonomic responses and potential cardiac events.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the occurrence of cardiac arrhythmias during HUET.
  • To determine if cardiac arrhythmias during HUET are predictable.
  • To assess the habituation of heart rate response to repeated HUET exposures.

Main Methods:

  • 26 male volunteers underwent 5 HUET submersions with 10-minute intervals.
  • Continuous electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring was performed using a telemetric system.
  • Autonomic function was assessed through heart rate variability, face immersion, cold pressor test, and aerobic capacity tests.

Main Results:

  • Heart rate response to HUET habituated by the fourth run.
  • Cardiac arrhythmias occurred in 25% of participants (32 events), predominantly post-submersion.
  • Aerobic fitness was inversely associated with the incidence of arrhythmias.

Conclusions:

  • HUET induces asymptomatic cardiac arrhythmias, likely of minimal clinical significance in young, fit individuals.
  • The heart rate response to HUET demonstrates habituation.
  • Further research is needed to evaluate risks in older, less fit populations or with prolonged breath-holds in colder conditions.