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Genetic susceptibility to infections with Aspergillus fumigatus

Markus Mezger1, Hermann Einsele, Juergen Loeffler

  • 1Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Medizinische Klinik & Poliklinik II, 97070 Würzburg, Germany.

Critical Reviews in Microbiology
|April 10, 2010
PubMed

Insights

Genetic markers influence susceptibility to Aspergillus fumigatus infections. Understanding these single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) can improve outcomes for invasive aspergillosis, a serious mold infection.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Mycology
  • Immunogenetics
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Opportunistic mold Aspergillus fumigatus causes severe invasive aspergillosis with high mortality.
  • Established risk factors include neutropenia, T-cell depletion, and corticosteroid therapy.
  • Emerging evidence points to genetic predisposition influencing susceptibility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on genetic markers associated with Aspergillus fumigatus susceptibility.
  • To highlight the role of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in invasive aspergillosis.
  • To discuss the relevance of genetic markers for infection course and outcome.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on Aspergillus fumigatus infections and host genetics.
  • Analysis of identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes related to immunity.
  • Synthesis of data on genetic susceptibility and clinical outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Numerous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been identified that confer genetic susceptibility to A. fumigatus.
  • These SNPs involve genes encoding cytokines, chemokines, receptors, and innate immunity components.
  • Genetic predisposition significantly impacts the course and outcome of invasive aspergillosis.

Conclusions:

  • Genetic factors, particularly specific SNPs, play a crucial role in determining susceptibility to Aspergillus fumigatus.
  • Identifying these genetic markers can aid in predicting and managing invasive aspergillosis risk.
  • Further research into immunogenetics offers potential for improved therapeutic strategies.

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