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Related Concept Videos

REM Sleep Behavior Disorder01:15

REM Sleep Behavior Disorder

REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD) is a sleep disorder characterized by the absence of muscle paralysis that normally occurs during the REM phase of sleep. This absence allows individuals to physically act out their dreams, which are often vivid and disturbing. Common behaviors exhibited during episodes include kicking, punching, and yelling. These actions can be dangerous, potentially leading to injuries for the person with RBD or their bed partner.
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NREM Sleep
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Sleepwalking and Sleep Talking

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Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure01:03

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The process of olfaction, also known as the sense of smell, is a sophisticated chemical response system. The specialized sensory neurons that facilitate this process, known as olfactory receptor neurons, are situated in an upper segment of the nasal cavity, known as the olfactory epithelium. Olfactory sensory neurons are bipolar, with their dendrites extending from the epithelium's apex into the mucus that lines the nasal cavity. Airborne molecules, when inhaled, traverse the olfactory...
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Olfactory dysfunction in idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder.

Tomoyuki Miyamoto1, Masayuki Miyamoto, Masaoki Iwanami

  • 1Department of Neurology, Center of Sleep Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi 321-0293, Japan. miyatomo@dokkyomed.ac.jp

Sleep Medicine
|April 10, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Olfactory dysfunction, including impaired odor identification, is common in idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder (iRBD). This smell deficit may indicate a widespread central nervous system abnormality in iRBD patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Sensory Neuroscience

Background:

  • Idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) is often associated with olfactory dysfunction.
  • This dysfunction is frequently observed in neurodegenerative conditions like Parkinson's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate olfactory function in middle-aged and older patients with iRBD.
  • To compare olfactory performance between iRBD patients and controls.
  • To determine which aspects of olfactory function best differentiate iRBD patients.

Main Methods:

  • Olfactory tests (Sniffin' Sticks, OSIT-J) were administered to 73 middle-aged iRBD patients, 33 older-aged iRBD patients, and 28 controls.
  • Participants' ages ranged from 50 to 82 years for iRBD patients and 55 to 70 years for controls.

Main Results:

  • Odor identification deficits were more prevalent than threshold or discrimination impairments in iRBD.
  • Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed high accuracy for identification scores (AUC 0.938-0.965) in distinguishing iRBD.
  • Older iRBD patients exhibited significantly lower discrimination and identification scores than younger iRBD patients.

Conclusions:

  • Anosmia/hyposmia may be a characteristic feature of iRBD.
  • Olfactory dysfunction in iRBD represents a consistent, widespread central nervous system abnormality affecting various olfactory modalities.