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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 14, 2026

An Allele-specific Gene Expression Assay to Test the Functional Basis of Genetic Associations
10:17

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Published on: November 3, 2010

Detecting coevolution through allelic association between physically unlinked loci.

Rori V Rohlfs1, Willie J Swanson, Bruce S Weir

  • 1Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. rrohlfs@u.washington.edu

American Journal of Human Genetics
|April 13, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Selection for allele matching can create genetic associations between unlinked genes. New methods, composite linkage disequilibrium (CLD) and genotype association (GA), detect this coevolutionary signal in human genes ZP3 and ZP3R.

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Last Updated: Jun 14, 2026

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Published on: February 3, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Population Genetics

Background:

  • Coevolving genes require complementary mutations to sustain interactions.
  • Allelic combinations in interacting genes influence fitness, potentially driving selection.
  • Traditional measures of allelic association assume physical linkage, which may not apply to coevolving genes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and validate novel statistical measures for detecting coevolution-induced allelic association between unlinked loci.
  • To investigate allelic association between human gamete-recognition genes ZP3 and ZP3R using these new methods.

Main Methods:

  • Development and simulation of composite linkage disequilibrium (CLD) and genotype association (GA) tests.
  • Application of CLD and GA tests to polymorphic, physically unlinked human genes ZP3 and ZP3R.
  • Analysis to exclude population structure as a cause for observed allelic association.

Main Results:

  • Simulations demonstrated the power of CLD and GA tests to detect selection-driven allelic association.
  • Unusual allelic association was detected between the unlinked human genes ZP3 and ZP3R.
  • The observed association was independent of population structure.

Conclusions:

  • Selection for allele matching can establish significant allelic association between physically unlinked genes in human populations.
  • CLD and GA are effective statistical tools for identifying coevolutionary signals.
  • This finding challenges the assumption of chromosomal independent assortment in certain evolutionary contexts, particularly in highly selective systems like fertilization.