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Development, Characterization, and Evaluation of CAGE-based Ionic Liquid Systems for Transdermal Delivery
Published on: September 26, 2025
Transkarbams as transdermal permeation enhancers: effects of ester position and ammonium carbamate formation
Michal Novotný1, Alexandr Hrabálek, Barbora Janůsová
1Centre for New Antivirals and Antineoplastics, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heyrovského 1203, 50005 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
Abstract:
Transkarbam 12, an ammonium carbamate formed by the reaction of dodecyl 6-aminohexanoate with carbon dioxide, is a highly active, broad-spectrum, nontoxic, and nonirritant transdermal permeation enhancer. It probably acts by a dual mechanism: a part of its activity is associated with the carbamic acid salt and/or its decomposition in the acidic stratum corneum. The ammonium ester thereby released is an active enhancer species as well, and its activity highly depends on the position of the ester group.
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