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Conscientiousness, extroversion, and action control: comparing moderate and vigorous physical activity.

Gert-Jan de Bruijn1, Ruben de Groot, Bas van den Putte

  • 1Amsterdam School of Communications Research, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.

Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology
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Extroversion and conscientiousness influence physical activity action control. Extroversion aids moderate activity, while conscientiousness supports vigorous activity, according to the theory of planned behavior.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Behavioral Science
  • Health Psychology

Background:

  • The theory of planned behavior (TPB) is a key framework for understanding health behaviors.
  • Personality traits, such as the Big Five dimensions, may influence the TPB constructs and subsequent behavior.
  • Understanding these relationships is crucial for designing effective physical activity interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of extroversion and conscientiousness in moderating the relationship between TPB constructs and physical activity.
  • To examine how these personality traits influence action control for both moderate and vigorous physical activity.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study design with 186 participants.
  • Measurement of TPB constructs (intention, attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control), personality traits (extroversion, conscientiousness), and physical activity at two time points.
  • Logistic regression analyses to determine predictors of successful physical activity enactment.

Main Results:

  • Successful engagement in moderate physical activity was predicted by extroversion, subjective norm, and affective attitude.
  • Successful engagement in vigorous physical activity was predicted by conscientiousness.
  • Personality dimensions and TPB concepts showed differential roles in explaining moderate versus vigorous physical activity.

Conclusions:

  • Extroversion and conscientiousness play distinct roles in the action control of different intensities of physical activity.
  • Integrating personality traits into the TPB framework enhances the explanation of physical activity behavior.
  • Findings highlight the importance of considering individual personality differences in promoting physical activity.