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Related Concept Videos

Raman Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

Raman Spectroscopy: Overview

The underlying principle of Raman spectroscopy is based on the interaction between light and matter, specifically molecules' inelastic scattering of photons. When a monochromatic beam of light, typically from a laser source, interacts with a sample, most scattered light has the same frequency as the incident light. This is known as Rayleigh scattering.
However, a small fraction of the scattered light exhibits a frequency shift due to the exchange of energy between the incident photons and the...
Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview01:26

Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview

A conventional Raman spectrophotometer includes a laser source, a sample holding system, a wavelength selector, and a detector.
The monochromatic laser source, typically using visible or near-infrared radiation, generates a highly focused beam of light. This light interacts with the molecules of the sample, scattering some of the light. Liquid and gaseous samples are usually tested in ordinary glass capillaries, while solids can be analyzed as powders packed in capillaries or as potassium...
Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) Spectroscopy: Organic Radicals01:17

Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) Spectroscopy: Organic Radicals

Ideally, an unpaired electron shows a single peak in the EPR spectrum due to the transition between the two spin energy states. However, coupling interactions can occur between the spins of the unpaired electron and any neighboring spin-active nuclei. This hyperfine coupling results in hyperfine splitting, where the EPR signal is split into multiplets. The signals split into 2nI + 1 peaks, where n is the number of equivalent nuclei and I is the nuclear spin. These splitting patterns provide...
¹H NMR: Complex Splitting01:13

¹H NMR: Complex Splitting

A proton M that is coupled to a proton X results in doublet signals for M. However, NMR-active nuclei can be simultaneously coupled to more than one nonequivalent nucleus. When M is coupled to a second proton A, such as in styrene oxide, each peak in the doublet is split into another doublet.
Splitting diagrams or splitting tree diagrams are routinely used to depict such complex couplings. While drawing splitting diagrams, the splitting with the larger coupling constant is usually applied first.
IR Spectrum Peak Splitting: Symmetric vs Asymmetric Vibrations01:08

IR Spectrum Peak Splitting: Symmetric vs Asymmetric Vibrations

Identical bonds within a polyatomic group can stretch symmetrically (in-phase) or asymmetrically (out-of-phase). Similar to hydrogen bonding, these vibrations also influence the shape of the IR peak. Generally, asymmetric stretching frequencies are higher than symmetric stretching frequencies. For example, primary amines exhibit two distinct IR peaks between 3300–3500 cm−1 corresponding to the symmetric and asymmetric N-H stretching, while secondary amines exhibit a single stretching vibration...
Emission Spectra02:39

Emission Spectra

When solids, liquids, or condensed gases are heated sufficiently, they radiate some of the excess energy as light. Photons produced in this manner have a range of energies, and thereby produce a continuous spectrum in which an unbroken series of wavelengths is present.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 13, 2026

A Novel Technique for Raman Analysis of Highly Radioactive Samples Using Any Standard Micro-Raman Spectrometer
07:52

A Novel Technique for Raman Analysis of Highly Radioactive Samples Using Any Standard Micro-Raman Spectrometer

Published on: April 12, 2017

[Raman spectra of pyroxene].

Rong Wang1, Bao-Min Zhang

  • 1Faculty of Earth Science, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China. joangemm@yahoo.com.cn

Guang Pu Xue Yu Guang Pu Fen Xi = Guang Pu
|April 14, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Raman spectroscopy reveals pyroxene symmetries and vibrational modes. This study assigns spectral bands to ionic groups and explores mineral orientation through spectral intensity variations.

Area of Science:

  • Mineralogy and Crystallography
  • Spectroscopy
  • Geochemistry

Context:

  • Pyroxene minerals are crucial rock-forming silicates with complex crystallographic properties.
  • Understanding pyroxene vibrational modes aids in mineral identification and characterization.
  • Raman spectroscopy offers a non-destructive method for analyzing mineral structures.

Purpose:

  • To identify the symmetries of the main spectral band of pyroxene and the vibration modes of Raman shift.
  • To assign specific spectral bands to corresponding ionic groups within the pyroxene structure.
  • To investigate the orientation problem in mineral crystallography using Raman spectral analysis.

Summary:

  • Raman spectra of megacryst pyroxene, enstatite, and diopside were analyzed for location, shape, and intensity.

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High Pressure Single Crystal Diffraction at PX^2
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High Pressure Single Crystal Diffraction at PX^2

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A Multimodal Wide-Field Fourier-Transform Raman Microscope
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A Multimodal Wide-Field Fourier-Transform Raman Microscope

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 13, 2026

A Novel Technique for Raman Analysis of Highly Radioactive Samples Using Any Standard Micro-Raman Spectrometer
07:52

A Novel Technique for Raman Analysis of Highly Radioactive Samples Using Any Standard Micro-Raman Spectrometer

Published on: April 12, 2017

High Pressure Single Crystal Diffraction at PX^2
11:32

High Pressure Single Crystal Diffraction at PX^2

Published on: January 16, 2017

A Multimodal Wide-Field Fourier-Transform Raman Microscope
06:48

A Multimodal Wide-Field Fourier-Transform Raman Microscope

Published on: December 30, 2025

  • Spectral bands were assigned to vibrational modes of ionic groups, including Si-O- and M-O bonds.
  • Variations in spectral band intensity and presence across different section directions were used to study mineral orientation.

    • Impact:

    • Provides a detailed understanding of pyroxene vibrational spectroscopy.
    • Establishes a method for assigning Raman bands to specific ionic groups in pyroxenes.
    • Offers preliminary insights into solving orientation problems in mineral crystallography through spectral analysis.