Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps02:24

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps02:24

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
Epigenetic Regulation01:37

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
Epigenetic Regulation01:46

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
Epigenetic Regulation01:46

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the addition of a...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Epigenetic control of telomeric RNA maintains heterochromatin in telomerase-driven cancers.

Signal transduction and targeted therapy·2026
Same author

A Ψ-Ψ codon-anticodon pairing in nonsense suppression and translational recoding.

Nature chemical biology·2025
Same author

Nanoparticle Delivery of Alu RNA Adjuvants Enhances Vaccine Immunogenicity.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2025
Same author

RNA polymerase III transcription-associated polyadenylation promotes the accumulation of noncoding retrotransposons during infection.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2025
Same author

Synthetic auxotrophy reveals metabolic regulation of plasma cell generation, affinity maturation, and cytokine receptor signaling.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025
Same author

RNA polymerase III transcription-associated polyadenylation promotes the accumulation of noncoding retrotransposons during infection.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Characterizing RNA Modifications in Single Neurons Using Mass Spectrometry
08:45

Characterizing RNA Modifications in Single Neurons Using Mass Spectrometry

Published on: April 21, 2022

RNA modifications: a mechanism that modulates gene expression.

John Karijolich1, Athena Kantartzis, Yi-Tao Yu

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|April 14, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Accurate gene expression relies on precise RNA modifications in spliceosomes and ribosomes. These posttranscriptional modifications are crucial for functional gene products and overall organism viability.

More Related Videos

Immunostaining for DNA Modifications: Computational Analysis of Confocal Images
09:42

Immunostaining for DNA Modifications: Computational Analysis of Confocal Images

Published on: September 7, 2017

A Method for Measuring RNA N6-methyladenosine Modifications in Cells and Tissues
08:56

A Method for Measuring RNA N6-methyladenosine Modifications in Cells and Tissues

Published on: December 5, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Characterizing RNA Modifications in Single Neurons Using Mass Spectrometry
08:45

Characterizing RNA Modifications in Single Neurons Using Mass Spectrometry

Published on: April 21, 2022

Immunostaining for DNA Modifications: Computational Analysis of Confocal Images
09:42

Immunostaining for DNA Modifications: Computational Analysis of Confocal Images

Published on: September 7, 2017

A Method for Measuring RNA N6-methyladenosine Modifications in Cells and Tissues
08:56

A Method for Measuring RNA N6-methyladenosine Modifications in Cells and Tissues

Published on: December 5, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Gene expression, the process of converting DNA to protein, requires accuracy for organism viability.
  • Eukaryotic gene expression involves pre-mRNA splicing and protein translation, both complex processes.
  • These processes utilize large ribonucleoprotein complexes containing noncoding RNAs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the functional roles of posttranscriptional modifications in spliceosomal snRNA and rRNA.
  • To provide a framework for understanding how these RNA modifications influence gene expression.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on RNA modifications.
  • Analysis of functional data concerning spliceosomal snRNA and rRNA.
  • Conceptual framework development for RNA modification impact on gene expression.

Main Results:

  • Posttranscriptional modifications like 2'-O-methylation and pseudouridylation are abundant in spliceosomal snRNA and rRNA.
  • These modifications are functionally important for the roles of snRNA and rRNA.
  • A framework is presented to understand the influence of these modifications on gene expression.

Conclusions:

  • Posttranscriptional modifications are critical for the accuracy of pre-mRNA splicing and protein translation.
  • Understanding these modifications offers insights into the regulation of gene expression.
  • The functional significance of RNA modifications extends to essential cellular processes.