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Updated: Jun 13, 2026

A Novel Approach to Monitoring Graft Neovascularization in the Human Gingiva

A Novel Approach to Monitoring Graft Neovascularization in the Human Gingiva

Published on: January 12, 2019

Gingival enlargement in antihypertensive medication.

S Pradhan¹, P Mishra

¹Department of Dental surgery, National Academy of Medical Sciences, Bir Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal. shaili_p@yahoo.com

JNMA; Journal of the Nepal Medical Association

|April 15, 2010

Summary

Patients taking antihypertensive medications have a high risk of developing gingival enlargement. This condition is often linked to inflammation and specific drug classes like calcium channel blockers.

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Last Updated: Jun 13, 2026

A Novel Approach to Monitoring Graft Neovascularization in the Human Gingiva

A Novel Approach to Monitoring Graft Neovascularization in the Human Gingiva

Published on: January 12, 2019

Area of Science:

Pharmacology
Periodontology
Oral Medicine

Background:

Drug-induced gingival enlargement is a known side effect of certain medications.
The prevalence of gingival enlargement linked to calcium channel blockers is highly variable in existing literature.
This study aimed to quantify the prevalence of gingival enlargement in patients using antihypertensive drugs.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine the prevalence of gingival enlargement in patients undergoing antihypertensive therapy.
To assess the association between antihypertensive drug classes and gingival enlargement.
To evaluate the role of periodontal health in the manifestation of drug-induced gingival enlargement.

Main Methods:

A study was conducted on consecutive patients receiving antihypertensive agents at a Dental Outpatient Department.
The prevalence of drug-induced gingival enlargement was systematically recorded.
Periodontal assessments, including plaque index and probing depth, were performed on all participants.

Main Results:

A significant prevalence of gingival enlargement was observed in 81.2% of patients on antihypertensive medication.
Calcium channel blockers were associated with enlargement in 71.1% of cases.
ACE inhibitors and beta-blockers were linked to enlargement in 21.5% and 7.4% of cases, respectively.

Conclusions:

Antihypertensive drug use significantly increases the risk of gingival enlargement.
Inflammation acts as a crucial cofactor in the development of this side effect.
Understanding these risks is vital for patient management and oral health maintenance.