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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Tuberculosis01:23

Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health concern, primarily targeting the lungs and spreading through airborne transmission. Infection begins when aerosolized droplet nuclei, expelled by an individual with active TB, are inhaled by another person. These microscopic particles carry Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of TB. Upon reaching the alveoli, the bacilli are engulfed by alveolar macrophages. However, due to their specialized lipid-rich cell wall, these pathogens...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the progression...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 13, 2026

The MODS method for diagnosis of tuberculosis and multidrug resistant tuberculosis
23:06

The MODS method for diagnosis of tuberculosis and multidrug resistant tuberculosis

Published on: August 11, 2008

Risk factors for recurrent tuberculosis in England and Wales, 1998-2005.

J P Crofts1, N J Andrews, R D Barker

  • 1Centre for Infections, Health Protection Agency, HPA Centre for Infections, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, UK. jonathan.crofts@hpa.org.uk

Thorax
|April 15, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Tuberculosis recurrence is uncommon in England and Wales. HIV co-infection and South Asian ethnicity are key risk factors for recurrent tuberculosis, warranting further investigation.

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Analysis of 18FDG PET/CT Imaging as a Tool for Studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Treatment in Non-human Primates
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Analysis of 18FDG PET/CT Imaging as a Tool for Studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Treatment in Non-human Primates

Published on: September 5, 2017

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Last Updated: Jun 13, 2026

The MODS method for diagnosis of tuberculosis and multidrug resistant tuberculosis
23:06

The MODS method for diagnosis of tuberculosis and multidrug resistant tuberculosis

Published on: August 11, 2008

Analysis of 18FDG PET/CT Imaging as a Tool for Studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Treatment in Non-human Primates
10:04

Analysis of 18FDG PET/CT Imaging as a Tool for Studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Treatment in Non-human Primates

Published on: September 5, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Recurrent tuberculosis (TB) provides insights into TB service effectiveness and patient vulnerability.
  • Understanding recurrence patterns is crucial for improving TB control strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To estimate the incidence of recurrent tuberculosis in England and Wales.
  • To identify clinical, demographic, and microbiological risk factors associated with TB recurrence.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective data from 1998-2005 on TB cases reported to the Health Protection Agency were analyzed.
  • Recurrent TB was defined as a re-notified case in the same patient after a 12-month interval.
  • Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were employed to determine risk factors for recurrence.

Main Results:

  • A total of 588 recurrent TB events were identified among 53,214 cases, yielding an incidence rate of 4.1 per 1000 person-years.
  • HIV co-infection (HR 1.64) and belonging to a South Asian ethnic group (HR 1.54) were independently associated with a higher risk of recurrent TB.

Conclusions:

  • Tuberculosis recurrence is infrequent in England and Wales, even without a universal directly observed treatment policy.
  • HIV co-infection is confirmed as a significant risk factor for recurrent TB.
  • The elevated risk of recurrence among individuals of South Asian ethnicity necessitates further research.