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Related Concept Videos

Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy: Overview01:09

Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy: Overview

When electromagnetic radiation passes through a material, atoms or molecules transition from a lower to a higher energy state by absorbing radiation corresponding to the energy difference between the two states. The absorption of infrared (IR) radiation causes transitions between vibrational energy levels in a molecule. Therefore, IR spectroscopy is a useful analytical tool for determining the molecular structure of molecules.
Different compounds display unique properties due to their...
IR Spectrometers01:25

IR Spectrometers

There are two main infrared (IR) spectrophotometers: dispersive IR spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. In a dispersive IR spectrometer, a beam of infrared radiation produced by a hot wire is divided into two parallel equal-intensity beams using mirrors. One beam passes through the sample, while another is a reference beam. The beams then move through the monochromator, which separates the radiations into a continuous spectrum of different frequencies. The...
IR Spectroscopy: Hooke's Law Approximation of Molecular Vibration01:16

IR Spectroscopy: Hooke's Law Approximation of Molecular Vibration

A covalently bonded heteronuclear diatomic molecule can be modeled as two vibrating masses connected by a spring. The vibrational frequency of the bond can be expressed using an equation derived from Hooke's law, which describes how the force applied to stretch or compress a spring is proportional to the displacement of the spring. In this case, the atoms behave like masses, and the bond acts like a spring.
According to Hooke's law, the vibrational frequency is directly proportional to the...
IR Spectroscopy: Molecular Vibration Overview01:24

IR Spectroscopy: Molecular Vibration Overview

When Infrared (IR) radiation passes through a covalently bonded molecule, the bonds transition from lower to higher vibrational levels. The fundamental vibrational motions that result in infrared absorption can be classified as stretching or bending vibrations.
Stretching vibrations are vibrational motions that occur along the bond line, changing the bond length or distance between two bonded atoms. They are further distinguished as symmetric or asymmetric. In symmetric stretching, the...
Applications of IR Spectroscopy: Overview01:11

Applications of IR Spectroscopy: Overview

The non-destructive nature and ability to provide valuable chemical information make IR spectroscopy a versatile technique with broad applications in various scientific and industrial fields. IR spectroscopy is commonly used to identify and characterize organic and inorganic compounds. It provides information about the functional groups present in a molecule and the bonding between atoms. This helps in the structural elucidation of compounds during organic synthesis, pharmaceutical research,...
Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview01:26

Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview

A conventional Raman spectrophotometer includes a laser source, a sample holding system, a wavelength selector, and a detector.
The monochromatic laser source, typically using visible or near-infrared radiation, generates a highly focused beam of light. This light interacts with the molecules of the sample, scattering some of the light. Liquid and gaseous samples are usually tested in ordinary glass capillaries, while solids can be analyzed as powders packed in capillaries or as potassium...

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Infrared Degenerate Four-wave Mixing with Upconversion Detection for Quantitative Gas Sensing
10:42

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Published on: March 22, 2019

Infrared prism coupling characterization and optimization via near-field m-line scanning.

C Falco1, A Azema, J Botineau

  • 1Université de Nice, Laboratoire Associé au CNRS # 190, Parc Valrose 06034, Nice Cedex, France.

Applied Optics
|April 15, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Detailed analysis of near-field m-line patterns optimizes prism coupling into infrared waveguides. Experimental results at 10.6 microm confirm theoretical predictions, enhancing waveguide characterization.

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Area of Science:

  • Optics and Photonics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Prism coupling is a critical method for efficiently coupling light into optical waveguides.
  • Accurate characterization and optimization of prism coupling are essential for device performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe a method for characterizing and optimizing prism coupling into infrared waveguides.
  • To utilize near-field m-line pattern analysis for this purpose.

Main Methods:

  • Detailed analysis of the near-field m-line pattern was employed.
  • Experimental measurements were conducted at a wavelength of 10.6 micrometers.

Main Results:

  • The experimental results provided a complete confirmation of the theoretical predictions.
  • The near-field m-line analysis effectively characterized the prism coupling process.

Conclusions:

  • The described method is effective for optimizing prism coupling into infrared waveguides.
  • Near-field m-line pattern analysis is a valuable tool for waveguide characterization.