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Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Development, Characterization, and Evaluation of CAGE-based Ionic Liquid Systems for Transdermal Delivery
Published on: September 26, 2025
Transdermal delivery by iontophoresis
Swati Rawat1, Sudha Vengurlekar, B Rakesh
1Smriti College of Pharmaceutical Education, Indore - 452 010, India.
Iontophoresis, a transdermal drug delivery method, is gaining interest for both ionic and nonionic medications. This review covers its history, influencing factors, and the principles for developing effective transdermal delivery systems.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Biomedical Engineering
- Drug Delivery Systems
Background:
- Growing interest in iontophoretic techniques for transdermal medication delivery.
- Application extends to both ionic and nonionic drug compounds.
- Transdermal drug delivery offers a non-invasive route for systemic effects.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a comprehensive overview of the history of iontophoresis.
- To discuss factors influencing iontophoretic drug transfer.
- To outline the principles and laws governing the development of transdermal delivery systems.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of iontophoresis history and applications.
- Analysis of factors affecting transdermal drug permeation via iontophoresis.
- Discussion of regulatory and developmental laws for transdermal systems.
Main Results:
- Iontophoresis has evolved significantly as a drug delivery method.
- Key factors such as current density, drug properties, and formulation impact drug transfer.
- Established principles guide the development of safe and effective transdermal systems.
Conclusions:
- Iontophoresis is a viable and increasingly utilized technique for transdermal drug delivery.
- Understanding the factors influencing drug transfer is crucial for optimizing systemic drug effects.
- Adherence to developmental laws ensures the efficacy and safety of transdermal delivery systems.
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