Induction of eggshell apex abnormalities in broiler breeder hens

Area of Science:

• Avian Health
• Poultry Science
• Veterinary Pathology

Background:

• Eggshell apex abnormalities (EAA) are linked to Mycoplasma synoviae, primarily observed in table egg layers.
• Meat-type layers (broiler breeders) were thought to be less susceptible to EAA.
• This study investigates EAA susceptibility in broiler breeder hens.

Purpose of the Study:

• To assess the susceptibility of broiler breeder hens to Mycoplasma synoviae-induced EAA.
• To determine the influence of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) coinfection on EAA development.
• To compare EAA prevalence in broiler breeders versus table egg layers.

Main Methods:

• Specified pathogen-free (SPF) broiler breeder hens were used in five experimental groups.
• Inoculation with a Mycoplasma synoviae EAA strain, with variations in timing and coinfection with IBV.
• Eggs were monitored for EAA, and egg production and shell strength were assessed.

Main Results:

• EAA occurred only after single Mycoplasma synoviae inoculation when preceded by IBV infection.
• EAA prevalence in broiler breeders was low (2%) compared to SPF layer hens (14-22%).
• Mycoplasma synoviae significantly reduced daily egg production and eggshell strength.

Conclusions:

• Broiler breeder hens exhibit lower susceptibility to Mycoplasma synoviae-induced EAA than table egg layers, even with IBV coinfection.
• Mycoplasma synoviae negatively impacts broiler breeder egg production and eggshell quality, potentially affecting hatching egg viability.
• Further research may be needed to understand the specific mechanisms and implications for hatching egg quality.