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Updated: Jun 13, 2026

A Modified Trier Social Stress Test for Vulnerable Mexican American Adolescents
Published on: July 10, 2017
Community violence, protective factors, and adolescent mental health: a profile analysis
Nikeea Copeland-Linder1, Sharon F Lambert, Nicholas S Ialongo
1Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 200 North Wolfe Street, Suite 2027, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. nlinder1@jhmi.edu
Abstract:
This study examined interrelationships among community violence exposure, protective factors, and mental health in a sample of urban, predominantly African American adolescents (N = 504). Latent Profile Analysis was conducted to identify profiles of adolescents based on a combination of community violence exposure, self-worth, parental monitoring, and parental involvement and to examine whether these profiles differentially predict adolescents' depressive symptoms and aggressive behavior. Three classes were identified-a vulnerable class, a moderate risk/medium protection class, and a moderate risk/high protection class. The classes differentially predicted depressive symptoms but not aggressive behavior for boys and girls. The class with the highest community violence exposure also had the lowest self-worth.
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