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Published on: March 23, 2022
Natural experiment in deviant peer exposure and youth recidivism
Cheri J Shapiro1, Bradley H Smith, Patrick S Malone
1Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA. drcherishapiro@gmail.com
Abstract:
Little empirical data exist addressing potential iatrogenic effects of placing youth in juvenile justice settings. We took advantage of a natural experiment in one state where juvenile offenders are evaluated in either residential settings characterized by high-density contact with delinquent youth or community settings with naturally varying contact with delinquent peers. Higher rates of subsequent recidivism were found among first-time offenders when evaluation occurred in residential (N = 1,255) as opposed to community settings (N = 752). This finding was replicated in a subset (N = 634 per group) matched using propensity scores for five predictors of recidivism. Findings are interpreted in light of a deviancy training process occurring in residential juvenile justice settings.
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