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Updated: Jun 13, 2026
Characterization of Immune Cells and Proinflammatory Mediators in the Pulmonary Environment
Published on: June 24, 2020
Th1/Th2 cytokines' expression and production by propolis-treated mice
Cláudio Lera Orsatti1, Fabiane Missima, Ana Carolina Pagliarone
1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Biosciences Institute, UNESP, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
Aim Of The Study:
Propolis is a natural product extensively used in food and beverages to improve health and to prevent diseases, showing immunomodulatory properties. The goal of this work was to evaluate the effect of propolis administration over a short-term to mice on Th1 (IL-2 and IFN-gamma) and Th2 (IL-4 and IL-10) cytokines' expression and production.
Materials And Methods:
Propolis was administered for 3 days to mice by gavage, spleens were removed and RNA was extracted to assess cytokines' expression by real-time PCR. Supernatants of spleen cell cultures were used for cytokines determination by ELISA.
Results:
Propolis administration to mice did not affect IL-2, IL-4 and IL-10 expression and production, while IFN-gamma production was inhibited in the splenocyte cultures stimulated or not by Con A.
Conclusions:
Since IFN-gamma is a pro-inflammatory cytokine, our data suggest that propolis administration over a short-term to mice may be associated with anti-inflammatory effects in vivo, and further assays could check propolis efficiency in inflammatory diseases.
