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Forensic identification: From a faith-based "Science" to a scientific science
1Arizona State University, Sandra Day O'Connor College of Law, Tempe, AZ 85287-7906, USA. saks@asu.edu
Forensic Science International
|April 17, 2010
Summary
Forensic identification science lacks empirical support for its strong claims. This review suggests research strategies to build a stronger scientific foundation for forensic disciplines.
Area of Science:
- Forensic Science
- Legal System
Background:
- Forensic identification science, often termed "individualization," relies on assumptions lacking robust empirical validation.
- The field's strong claims are not consistently supported by scientific evidence or theoretical frameworks.
Purpose of the Study:
- To critically examine the foundational assumptions of forensic identification science.
- To propose research strategies for enhancing the scientific rigor of forensic disciplines.
- To offer interim guidance for forensic experts.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of existing assumptions and evidence in forensic identification.
- Conceptual analysis of research methodologies applicable to forensic science.
- Discussion of practical implications for forensic practitioners.
Main Results:
- Identified a significant gap between the strong claims made in forensic identification and the available empirical evidence.
- Outlined three general research approaches to strengthen the scientific basis of forensic disciplines.
- Provided recommendations for forensic experts pending further scientific development.
Conclusions:
- Forensic identification science requires a stronger empirical and theoretical foundation.
- Implementing proposed research strategies can lead to more scientifically valid forensic practices.
- Forensic experts can adopt precautionary measures while awaiting scientific advancements.
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