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Detectable changes in physical performance measures in elderly African Americans.

Kathleen Kline Mangione¹, Rebecca L Craik, Alyson A McCormick

¹Department of Physical Therapy, Arcadia University, 450 S Easton Rd, Glenside, PA 19038, USA. mangione@arcadia.edu

Physical Therapy

|April 17, 2010

Summary

This study determined the reliability of physical performance measures for African American older adults. The standard error of measurement (SEM) and minimal detectable change (MDC) were calculated for key tests.

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Area of Science:

Gerontology
Rehabilitation Science
Biomedical Engineering

Background:

African American older adults exhibit higher disability rates and lower physical performance compared to white counterparts.
Physical performance measures are crucial for predicting morbidity and assessing exercise interventions.
Reliability data for these measures in African American older adults are lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

To estimate the standard error of measurement (SEM) and minimal detectable change (MDC) for several physical performance tests.
To evaluate the reliability of the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), Timed "Up & Go" Test (TUG), gait speeds, and Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) in frail African American adults.

Main Methods:

An observational measurement study utilizing a test-retest design.
Participants (N=52, mean age=78) were assessed twice within a one-week interval.
Collected demographic data and administered five standardized physical performance tests.

Main Results:

High reliability was observed, with Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICCs) above .90 for most tests (SPPB ICC=.81).
Calculated SEMs: SPPB=1.2 points, TUG=1.7s, free gait speed=0.08 m/s, fast gait speed=0.09 m/s, 6MWT=28m.
Calculated MDC values: SPPB=2.9 points, TUG=4s, free gait speed=0.19 m/s, fast gait speed=0.21 m/s, 6MWT=65m.

Conclusions:

The SEMs are comparable to existing literature and applicable to both African American and white older adults.
MDC estimates provide valuable benchmarks for interpreting meaningful change in clinical settings.
Findings support the use of these physical performance measures in diverse older adult populations.