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Related Concept Videos

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:26

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the common plasma source used in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), a technique that detects and analyzes various elements in a sample. This method is often called inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).
There are three main types of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy  (ICP-AES) instruments: sequential, simultaneous multichannel, and Fourier transform instruments, with the latter being less commonly used.
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:22

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

The instrumentation of atomic emission spectrometry (AES) involves various components, including atomization devices that convert samples into gas-phase atoms and ions. There are two main types of atomization devices: continuous and discrete atomizers.  Continuous atomizers, like plasmas and flames, introduce samples in a constant stream, while discrete atomizers inject individual samples using syringes or autosamplers. The most common discrete atomizer is the electrothermal atomizer.
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Interference01:30

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Interference

In atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), high-temperature atomizers excite a broad range of elements and molecules that generate complex emissions from sources such as oxides, hydroxides, and flame combustion products in the flame or plasma. Several strategies can be employed to minimize spectral interferences caused by overlapping emission lines or bands. These include increasing instrument resolution, choosing alternative emission lines, optimally placing the detector in low-background regions,...
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab01:29

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Lab

AES is a powerful analytical technique, especially effective when used with plasma sources, producing abundant spectra in characteristic emission lines. The Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP), in particular, yields superior quantitative analytical data due to its high stability, low noise, low background, and minimal interferences under optimal experimental conditions. However, newer air-operated microwave sources are emerging as promising alternatives that could be more cost-effective than...
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview

Atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) is an analytical technique used to determine the elemental composition of a sample by analyzing the light emitted from excited atoms. In AES, atoms in a sample are excited to higher energy levels by thermal energy from high-temperature sources, such as plasma, arcs, or sparks. When these excited atoms return to lower energy states, they emit light at specific wavelengths characteristic of each element. The resulting atomic emission spectrum, which consists of...
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:22

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

An atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) comprises several components: a radiation source, an atomizer, a monochromator, and a detector. The radiation source can be a hollow-cathode lamp (HCL) or an electrodeless-discharge lamp (EDL), both of which provide a narrow emission line of the required wavelength. However, some instruments use continuum sources and high-resolution monochromators to achieve a narrow range of radiation.
The atomizer used in AAS can be either a flame atomizer or an...

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Astronomical spectroscopy with an echelle-interferometer Cassegrain spectrograph.

B Bates, R E Bankhead, W Brown-Kerr

    Applied Optics
    |April 17, 2010
    PubMed
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    A new Cassegrain spectrograph offers versatile high-resolution astronomical spectroscopy, producing both echelle spectra and Fabry-Perot interferograms. Observational tests highlight its capabilities and limitations for detailed celestial studies.

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    Area of Science:

    • Astronomy and Astrophysics
    • Optical Instrumentation

    Background:

    • High-resolution spectroscopy is crucial for detailed astronomical observations.
    • Existing instruments may have limitations in versatility or spectral resolution.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To introduce a novel Cassegrain spectrograph designed for high-resolution astronomical spectroscopy.
    • To evaluate the instrument's performance in producing echelle spectra and Fabry-Perot interferograms.

    Main Methods:

    • Construction of a novel Cassegrain spectrograph.
    • Utilizing the spectrograph to generate echelle spectra.
    • Employing the spectrograph for high-spectral resolution Fabry-Perot interferometry.
    • Conducting observational tests to assess performance.

    Main Results:

    • The spectrograph successfully produced both echelle spectra and Fabry-Perot interferograms.
    • Initial tests provided data to evaluate the instrument's capabilities.
    • Performance characteristics and limitations were identified.

    Conclusions:

    • The novel Cassegrain spectrograph is a viable tool for high-resolution astronomical spectroscopy.
    • The instrument offers flexibility in data acquisition (echelle vs. Fabry-Perot).
    • Further studies are needed to fully explore its potential and address limitations.