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Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Three-dimensional Optical-resolution Photoacoustic Microscopy

Three-dimensional Optical-resolution Photoacoustic Microscopy

Published on: May 3, 2011

Multimode fiber-optic hydrophone based on the photoelastic effect.

W B Spillman¹, D H McMahon

¹Sperry Research Center, 100 North Road, Sudbury, Massachusetts 01776, USA.

|April 17, 2010

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A novel fiber-optic hydrophone utilizes the photoelastic effect for sensitive underwater acoustic detection. This simple, rugged device demonstrates a minimum detectable pressure of 47 dB, with potential for further improvement.

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Area of Science:

Photonics and Acoustics
Materials Science

Background:

Traditional hydrophones face limitations in sensitivity, cost, and ruggedness.
The photoelastic effect offers a promising mechanism for optical sensing applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a practical, cost-effective, and highly sensitive multimode fiber-optic hydrophone.
To leverage the photoelastic effect for enhanced underwater acoustic measurement.

Main Methods:

Design and fabrication of a multimode fiber-optic hydrophone.
Utilizing the photoelastic effect for pressure-to-light transduction.
Implementing a differential approach for amplitude noise reduction.

Main Results:

Demonstrated a minimum detectable pressure of 47 dB re 1 microPa/Hz(1/2) at 500 Hz.
The device is simple, low-cost, sensitive, solid-state, and rugged.
Theoretical calculations suggest a potential minimum detectable pressure as low as 15 dB re 1 microPa/Hz(1/2).

Conclusions:

The described fiber-optic hydrophone design is an attractive technique for practical underwater acoustic sensing.
The device's inherent advantages make it suitable for various demanding environments.
Further optimization could lead to unprecedented levels of sensitivity in fiber-optic hydrophones.