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[Incidence of hyponatremia and its causes in neurological patients]
Mariana Cerda-Esteve1, Agustín Ruiz-González, Mindaugas Gudelis
1Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Universitario Arnau de Vilanova, Lleida, Spain. mariaina.cerda@gmail.com
Introduction:
Hyponatremia is considered the most frequent electrolyte disorder found in hospitalized patients and seems to be a prognostic factor during hospitalization.
Methods:
A prospective observational study was carried out in consecutive neurological patients admitted to our hospital over a 3-month period. Blood and urinary ionogram and osmolality were determined at entry and 3-5 days after admission in all patients with hyponatremia.
Results:
Of the 130 patients admitted, 19 (14.6%) had hyponatremia. The causes of hyponatremia were as follows: inappropriate fluid replacement in 4 patients (21%), antihypertensive drugs in 4 (21%), syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone in 4 (21%), cerebral salt wasting syndrome in 2 (10%), and edematous status caused by liver disease in one and digestive loss in one (5%) each. Mortality was one (5%) and 0 (0%) among patients with and without hyponatremia, respectively.
Conclusion:
Hyponatremia is common in hospitalized neurological patients and can be misdiagnosed as a worsening of the main illness.
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