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Related Concept Videos

Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings.
Auditory Pathway01:15

Auditory Pathway

Auditory pathways constitute the complex neural circuits responsible for transmitting and interpreting auditory information from the peripheral auditory system to the brain. Sound waves are initially captured by the outer ear, funneled through the ear canal, and reach the tympanic membrane (eardrum). These vibrations are transmitted via the middle ear's ossicles to the inner ear's cochlea.
When viewed cross-sectionally, the cochlea reveals the scala vestibuli and scala tympani flanking the...
Respiratory System Abnormal Finding II: Palpation and Auscultation01:31

Respiratory System Abnormal Finding II: Palpation and Auscultation

In assessing respiratory abnormalities, palpation and auscultation are critical tools for detecting and interpreting various pathophysiological changes. These techniques provide insight into underlying disorders by evaluating tactile sensations and sounds produced by the respiratory system.
Palpation Findings
During a respiratory assessment, palpation can reveal several vital abnormalities:
Hearing01:31

Hearing

When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Testing Sensory and Multisensory Function in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
09:13

Testing Sensory and Multisensory Function in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Published on: April 22, 2015

Childhood autism and auditory system abnormalities.

Magdalini Hitoglou1, Athina Ververi, Alexandros Antoniadis

  • 1Unit of Communication Disabilities, 1st ENT Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54622 Thessaloniki, Greece.

Pediatric Neurology
|April 20, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Children with autism often experience hearing disorders, impacting communication. Early auditory assessments are crucial for intervention planning and improving outcomes for these children.

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A Familiarization Protocol Facilitates the Participation of Children with ASD in Electrophysiological Research

Published on: July 31, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders
  • Auditory Neuroscience
  • Pediatric Audiology

Background:

  • Hearing disorders are prevalent in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).
  • These auditory issues range from hearing loss to hypersensitivity, worsening communication deficits.
  • Early auditory evaluation is vital for intervention and prognosis in ASD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the significance of auditory abnormalities in children with autism.
  • To underscore the role of early auditory assessment in ASD management.
  • To summarize findings on the neurobiological underpinnings of auditory processing deficits in ASD.

Main Methods:

  • Review of physiologic, pathologic, imaging, and neurochemical studies.
  • Analysis of audiologic stimuli perception and processing in ASD.
  • Examination of maturational, lateralization, and neurochemical factors.

Main Results:

  • Identified diverse hearing disorders in children with autism, including peripheral and sensorineural deficits.
  • Observed auditory hypersensitivity and unusual sound reactions.
  • Found evidence of maturational defects, atypical lateralization, and serotonin dysfunction in auditory processing.

Conclusions:

  • Auditory abnormalities significantly impact communication in children with autism.
  • Early and comprehensive auditory assessment is essential for effective intervention strategies.
  • Neurobiological aberrations in auditory pathways contribute to the challenges faced by children with ASD.