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Load transfer by fine threading the implant neck--a FEM study
A Rahimi1, C Bourauel, A Jager
1Endowed Chair of Oral Technology, University of Bonn, Germany.
Summary
Dental implant stability is crucial for long-term success. Finite element analysis shows fine threads improve bone anchorage, reducing strain without increasing stress peaks, enhancing implant integrity.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Dental Implantology
- Biomechanics
Background:
- Long-term stability of dental implants depends on bone and soft tissue health.
- Optimal bone loading is essential for bone preservation around the implant neck.
- Overloading can compromise implant integrity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the biomechanical effects of fine threads on dental implants using finite element method (FEM).
- To evaluate stress distribution and bone strain under physiological loading conditions.
- To compare implant designs (Tiolox and tioLogic) regarding bone anchorage and stability.
Main Methods:
- Generation of FEM models for implants with and without fine threads, including surrounding alveolar bone.
- Simulation of vertical and combined vertical/lateral forces (up to 300 N) on the implants.
- Analysis of implant deflections, bone strains, and stress concentrations using MSC.Marc/Mentat.
Main Results:
- Implant deflections ranged from 0.004 to 0.017 mm.
- Maximum strains in spongy bone reached approximately 2100 micro strain under physiological load (100 N).
- Fine threads increased cortical bone stress by 3% but reduced spongy bone strain, without creating new stress peaks.
Conclusions:
- Fine threads enhance dental implant anchorage in cortical bone.
- Improved anchorage leads to reduced strain in the spongy bone.
- The fine thread design offers improved biomechanical stability without adverse stress concentrations.
