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Related Concept Videos

Electron Microscope Tomography and Single-particle Reconstruction01:07

Electron Microscope Tomography and Single-particle Reconstruction

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) can be used to determine the 3D structure of biological samples with the help of techniques such as electron microscope tomography and single-particle reconstruction. While single-particle reconstruction can examine macromolecules and macromolecular complexes in vitro conditions only, tomography permits the study of cell components or small cells in vivo.
Electron Tomography
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X-ray Crystallography02:18

X-ray Crystallography

The size of the unit cell and the arrangement of atoms in a crystal may be determined from measurements of the diffraction of X-rays by the crystal, termed X-ray crystallography.
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Transmission Electron Microscopy

In 1931, physicist Ernst Ruska—building on the idea that magnetic fields can direct an electron beam just as lenses can direct a beam of light in an optical microscope—developed the first prototype of the electron microscope. This development led to the development of the field of electron microscopy. In the transmission electron microscope (TEM), electrons are produced by a hot tungsten element and accelerated by a potential difference in an electron gun, which gives them up to 400 keV in...
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Overview of Electron Microscopy

The wavelengths of visible light ultimately limit the maximum theoretical resolution of images created by light microscopes. Most light microscopes can only magnify 1000X, and a few can magnify up to 1500X. Electrons, like electromagnetic radiation, can behave like waves, but with wavelengths of 0.005 nm, they produce significantly greater resolution up to 0.05 nm as compared to 500 nm for visible light. An electron microscope (EM) can create a sharp image that is magnified up to 2,000,000X.
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An applied magnetic field causes loosely bound π-electrons in organic molecules to circulate, producing a local or induced diamagnetic field over a large spatial volume. As the molecules tumble in solution, the field generated by π-electrons in spherical substituents results in a zero net field. However, the net field generated by π-electrons in non-spherical substituents is not zero. The effect of this induced field depends on the orientation of the molecule with respect to B0, resulting in...
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Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

The instrumentation of atomic emission spectrometry (AES) involves various components, including atomization devices that convert samples into gas-phase atoms and ions. There are two main types of atomization devices: continuous and discrete atomizers.  Continuous atomizers, like plasmas and flames, introduce samples in a constant stream, while discrete atomizers inject individual samples using syringes or autosamplers. The most common discrete atomizer is the electrothermal atomizer.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Non-invasive 3D-Visualization with Sub-micron Resolution Using Synchrotron-X-ray-tomography
08:51

Non-invasive 3D-Visualization with Sub-micron Resolution Using Synchrotron-X-ray-tomography

Published on: May 27, 2008

European Synchrotron User Organization established.

Ullrich Pietsch1, Malcolm J Cooper

  • 1Department of Physics, University of Siegen, Siegen, Germany. pietsch@physik.uni-siegen.de

Journal of Synchrotron Radiation
|April 20, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The European Synchrotron User Organization (ESUO) has been established to represent synchrotron radiation users across Europe. This new body aims to advocate for the needs of the scientific community utilizing these advanced research facilities.

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Last Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Non-invasive 3D-Visualization with Sub-micron Resolution Using Synchrotron-X-ray-tomography
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Published on: May 27, 2008

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Published on: March 19, 2021

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Online Size-exclusion and Ion-exchange Chromatography on a SAXS Beamline

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Chemistry
  • Biology

Background:

  • Synchrotron radiation facilities are critical infrastructure for advanced scientific research.
  • A growing need exists for a unified voice representing diverse user communities across Europe.
  • Coordinated representation is essential for the effective development and utilization of European synchrotron sources.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report on the formation of the European Synchrotron User Organization (ESUO).
  • To outline the ESUO's mission to represent the interests of synchrotron radiation users.
  • To establish a platform for collaboration and advocacy among European synchrotron users.

Main Methods:

  • The report details the organizational steps and founding principles of the ESUO.
  • It outlines the governance structure and membership criteria.
  • Information gathering involved consultations with key stakeholders in the synchrotron community.

Main Results:

  • The European Synchrotron User Organization (ESUO) has been successfully established.
  • A framework for user representation and advocacy is now in place.
  • Initial steps towards unifying European synchrotron user interests have been achieved.

Conclusions:

  • The establishment of ESUO marks a significant step forward for the European synchrotron community.
  • ESUO will play a crucial role in shaping the future of synchrotron science in Europe.
  • Effective user representation is vital for maximizing the scientific impact of synchrotron facilities.