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Oxidation of solid versus liquid CHO sources during exercise.

Beate Pfeiffer1, Trent Stellingwerff, Eric Zaltas

  • 1School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, England, United Kingdom.

Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
|April 21, 2010
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Summary

Solid carbohydrate (CHO) bars provide similar exogenous CHO oxidation rates as CHO drinks during cycling. This suggests solid CHO supplements are effective for endurance athletes.

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Area of Science:

  • Exercise Physiology
  • Nutritional Biochemistry
  • Sports Science

Background:

  • Ingesting carbohydrate (CHO) solutions enhances CHO oxidation and endurance performance.
  • Athletes often consume CHO in solid forms like energy bars, but their oxidation efficiency compared to solutions is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare exogenous CHO oxidation from solid (BAR) versus solution (DRINK) forms during prolonged cycling exercise.

Main Methods:

  • Eight trained cyclists performed 180-minute cycling bouts at 58% VO2max.
  • Subjects consumed either a glucose + fructose (GLU + FRC) bar, a GLU + FRC drink, or water, with matched fluid intake.
  • Exogenous CHO oxidation was measured using isotope-trace methods.

Main Results:

  • Exogenous CHO oxidation rates were not significantly different between the BAR and DRINK conditions during the final 2 hours of exercise.
  • Peak exogenous CHO oxidation rates were high for both BAR (1.25 g·min−¹) and DRINK (1.34 g·min−¹).
  • While oxidation rates were slightly lower at specific time points during the BAR condition, overall efficiency was comparable.

Conclusions:

  • A glucose + fructose mix in a solid bar form results in high exogenous CHO oxidation rates during cycling.
  • Solid CHO bars demonstrate similar mean and peak oxidation rates and efficiencies compared to CHO drinks.
  • CHO supplementation in solid bar form is an effective and practical option for athletes during exercise.