Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Assessing Therapeutic Angiogenesis in a Murine Model of Hindlimb Ischemia
Published on: June 8, 2019
Therapeutic angiogenesis for the management of refractory angina: current concepts
1Section of Adult Cardiology, Rush University Medical Center, 1653 West Congress Parkway, Chicago, IL 60612, USA. steve_attanasio@rush.edu
Insights
Therapeutic angiogenesis offers a new treatment for patients with refractory coronary artery disease (CAD) who have angina despite standard therapies. This approach aims to create new blood vessels, potentially improving blood flow and easing symptoms for "no-option" patients.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Regenerative Medicine
- Molecular Cardiology
Background:
- Coronary artery disease (CAD) management aims to reduce ischemia, prevent cardiac events, and relieve angina.
- Conventional medical and mechanical therapies are effective but leave some patients with refractory angina.
- A subset of CAD patients remains symptomatic despite maximal treatment, termed "no-option" patients.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current status of therapeutic angiogenesis for "no-option" patients with refractory angina.
- To explore the potential of gene, protein, and cell-based therapies in inducing new blood vessel formation.
- To assess the clinical benefit and future prospects of therapeutic angiogenesis in ischemic heart disease.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on therapeutic angiogenesis in CAD.
- Analysis of studies employing gene, protein, and cell-based approaches.
- Focus on outcomes related to angina relief and improved myocardial perfusion.
Main Results:
- Therapeutic angiogenesis aims to restore blood flow by forming new vessels in ischemic areas.
- Evidence suggests a potential clinical benefit for patients with refractory angina.
- Gene, protein, and cell-based therapies are being investigated for their angiogenic potential.
Conclusions:
- Therapeutic angiogenesis presents a promising novel treatment strategy for "no-option" patients with refractory angina.
- While not definitive, current data indicate a positive trend and warrant optimism.
- Further research is essential to solidify the role of therapeutic angiogenesis in managing severe CAD.
Abstract:
The optimal treatment of coronary artery disease (CAD) involves reducing the ischemic burden, lowering the risk of future adverse cardiac events, and relieving symptoms of angina pectoris. Medical and mechanical therapies have played a major role in reducing the morbidity and mortality associated with ischemic heart disease. Despite the success of these conventional therapies, there are patients with CAD who continue to experience angina despite maximal medical and revascularization therapy. Therapeutic angiogenesis represents a novel treatment option for these "no-option" patients with refractory ischemic coronary disease. A growing body of evidence has demonstrated the therapeutic potential of therapeutic angiogenesis with gene, protein, or cell-based therapies. The goal of therapeutic angiogenesis is to induce the formation of new vessels that can enhance blood flow to areas that no longer have adequate blood supply. While the existing data are not definitive, there is reason to be optimistic, as several studies have suggested a clinical benefit. This review focuses on the current state of therapeutic angiogenesis in the management of the "no-option" patient with refractory angina.
Related Concept Videos
Angina IV: Management
Angina V: Nursing Management
Coronary Artery Disease V: Interprofessional Care
Mechanism of Angiogenesis
Peripheral Artery Disease III: Interprofessional Care
Angina II: Classification

