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Related Concept Videos

Phase Diagrams02:39

Phase Diagrams

A phase diagram combines plots of pressure versus temperature for the liquid-gas, solid-liquid, and solid-gas phase-transition equilibria of a substance. These diagrams indicate the physical states that exist under specific conditions of pressure and temperature and also provide the pressure dependence of the phase-transition temperatures (melting points, sublimation points, boiling points). Regions or areas labeled solid, liquid, and gas represent single phases, while lines or curves represent...
Phase Diagram01:19

Phase Diagram

The phase of a given substance depends on the pressure and temperature. Thus, plots of pressure versus temperature showing the phase in each region provide considerable insights into the thermal properties of substances. Such plots are known as phase diagrams. For instance, in the phase diagram for water (Figure 1), the solid curve boundaries between the phases indicate phase transitions (i.e., temperatures and pressures at which the phases coexist).

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Phase Diagram Characterization Using Magnetic Beads as Liquid Carriers
12:37

Phase Diagram Characterization Using Magnetic Beads as Liquid Carriers

Published on: September 4, 2015

Mapping and manipulating temperature-concentration phase diagrams using microfluidics.

Seila Selimović1, Frédéric Gobeaux, Seth Fraden

  • 1Martin Fisher School of Physics, Brandeis University, 415 South Street, Waltham, MA 02453, USA.

Lab on a Chip
|April 22, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a microfluidic device for mapping aqueous sample phase diagrams using concentration and temperature gradients. The PhaseChip enables precise control over droplet conditions for various experiments.

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Area of Science:

  • Microfluidics
  • Physical Chemistry
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Mapping phase diagrams is crucial for understanding material properties and behavior.
  • Traditional methods for phase diagram determination can be time-consuming and require large sample volumes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a microfluidic device for efficient and high-throughput mapping of aqueous sample phase diagrams.
  • To integrate temperature gradient capabilities into a microfluidic platform for comprehensive phase behavior analysis.

Main Methods:

  • A double-layer (poly)dimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microfluidic device was designed with droplet storage and reservoir channels.
  • Water migration across a PDMS membrane was utilized to alter droplet concentration and volume.
  • A temperature stage was incorporated to create a linear temperature gradient across the device.

Main Results:

  • The device successfully formed and stored hundreds of nanolitre-sized aqueous droplets.
  • Reversible shrinking and expansion of droplets were achieved by controlling solute concentration gradients.
  • Demonstrated robust operation for liquid-liquid phase separation and protein crystallization studies.

Conclusions:

  • The developed microfluidic PhaseChip offers a powerful tool for rapid phase diagram mapping.
  • This platform facilitates the study of complex aqueous systems under controlled concentration and temperature conditions.
  • The device shows promise for applications in materials science, biochemistry, and drug discovery.