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Negative affect, relapse, and Alcoholics Anonymous (AA): does AA work by reducing anger?

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Alcohol dependence is linked to high anger levels. While Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) attendance improved drinking outcomes, it did not reduce anger, suggesting AA alone may not address anger-related relapse risks.

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Area of Science:

  • Addiction research
  • Clinical psychology
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Negative affect, particularly anger, is linked to alcohol relapse.
  • Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) literature emphasizes anger reduction for recovery.
  • The role of AA in modifying anger has been under-investigated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if AA attendance influences anger levels in individuals with alcohol dependence.
  • To determine if changes in anger mediate the positive effects of AA on recovery.
  • To examine the relationship between anger, AA attendance, and drinking outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Lagged, controlled hierarchical linear modeling analyses were used.
  • 1,706 adults with alcohol dependence were assessed over 15 months.
  • Data collection occurred at intake and at 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 months.

Main Results:

  • Individuals with alcohol dependence exhibited significantly elevated anger levels (98th percentile at intake, 89th at 15 months).
  • AA attendance correlated with improved drinking outcomes.
  • AA attendance was not associated with reductions in anger levels.
  • Higher anger levels were associated with heavier drinking.

Conclusions:

  • Anger is a persistent issue in alcohol dependence, associated with relapse risk.
  • AA attendance did not appear to mediate anger reduction.
  • Findings suggest AA alone may be insufficient for managing anger-related risks in recovery.