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Microtubules in Signaling

Microtubules in Signaling

The primary cilium, made up of microtubules, acts as antennae on the cell surfaces for relaying external stimuli into the cells. These fine hair-like structures are present, generally one per cell. These are non-motile cilia in a 9+0 microtubules arrangement, where the central pair of microtubules are absent. The primary cilia arise from the basal body embedded in the cell membrane. Intraflagellar transport (IFT) carries requisite proteins from the cytoplasm to the cilium because the primary...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Artificial Intelligence Approaches to Assessing Primary Cilia

Artificial Intelligence Approaches to Assessing Primary Cilia

Published on: May 1, 2021

Markers for neuronal cilia.

Jacqueline S Domire¹, Kirk Mykytyn

¹Department of Pharmacology, Department of Internal Medicine Division of Human Genetics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.

Methods in Cell Biology

|April 23, 2010

Summary

New markers and techniques now allow for easier visualization of neuronal cilia, aiding future research into their function. This breakthrough overcomes previous limitations in studying these important cellular structures.

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cell Biology
Microscopy

Background:

Primary cilia were first observed in mammalian neurons over 40 years ago via electron microscopy.
Traditional electron microscopy methods for studying neuronal cilia are labor-intensive and limited.
Lack of specific markers historically hindered neuronal cilia research.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide an overview of current techniques for visualizing neuronal cilia.
To highlight recent advancements making neuronal cilia study more practical.
To lay the groundwork for future functional studies of neuronal cilia.

Main Methods:

Immunolabeling using newly identified proteins that selectively localize to neuronal cilia.
Culturing neurons to enable live-cell imaging of cilia.

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Whole Mount Labeling of Cilia in the Main Olfactory System of Mice

Whole Mount Labeling of Cilia in the Main Olfactory System of Mice

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Simple Detection of Primary Cilia by Immunofluorescence

Simple Detection of Primary Cilia by Immunofluorescence

Published on: May 15, 2020

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Last Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Artificial Intelligence Approaches to Assessing Primary Cilia

Artificial Intelligence Approaches to Assessing Primary Cilia

Published on: May 1, 2021

Whole Mount Labeling of Cilia in the Main Olfactory System of Mice

Whole Mount Labeling of Cilia in the Main Olfactory System of Mice

Published on: December 27, 2014

Simple Detection of Primary Cilia by Immunofluorescence

Simple Detection of Primary Cilia by Immunofluorescence

Published on: May 15, 2020

Visualizing neuronal cilia in both tissue and fixed/living cells.

Main Results:

Specific proteins have been identified that act as reliable markers for neuronal cilia.
Neurons in culture exhibit cilia, facilitating advanced imaging techniques.
Current methods allow for improved visualization of neuronal cilia in various states.

Conclusions:

Recent developments in marker identification and imaging techniques have significantly advanced the study of neuronal cilia.
These improved methods enable the identification of novel neuronal ciliary proteins.
This facilitates future research into the functional roles of neuronal cilia in the brain.