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Related Concept Videos

Fetal Circulation01:14

Fetal Circulation

Fetal circulation is a unique system that facilitates the exchange of gases, nutrients, and waste products between the developing fetus and the mother. This intricate process takes place through a special organ called the placenta.
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Teratogenicity

The ability of a drug to produce structural deformations and functional abnormalities in the developing embryo or the fetus is called teratogenicity, and the drug producing this effect is known as a teratogen. Teratogenic effects include stillbirth, miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and neurocognitive delay. A teratogen may affect the embryo at different stages of development, which is important in determining the type and extent of the damage. During blastocyst formation, the early...
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A hemorrhagic stroke develops when a cerebral blood vessel ruptures, allowing blood to escape into the surrounding brain tissue, as in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), or into the subarachnoid space, as in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Because the skull is a rigid compartment, the sudden presence of extravascular blood rapidly increases intracranial pressure and compresses adjacent neural structures, leading to immediate tissue injury and impaired cerebral perfusion.Mass Effect and Primary...
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Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Continuous Telemetric In Utero Tracheal Pressure Measurements in Fetal Lambs
05:40

Continuous Telemetric In Utero Tracheal Pressure Measurements in Fetal Lambs

Published on: December 22, 2023

Fetomaternal hemorrhage.

Blair J Wylie1, Mary E D'Alton

  • 1From the Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; and the Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York.

Obstetrics and Gynecology
|April 23, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Antenatal fetomaternal hemorrhage, fetal blood entering maternal circulation, can cause severe fetal harm. Early recognition and improved diagnosis are crucial for better outcomes in this rare but serious condition.

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Murine Fetal Echocardiography
08:04

Murine Fetal Echocardiography

Published on: February 15, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Fetal Medicine
  • Neonatology

Background:

  • Fetomaternal hemorrhage (FMH) involves fetal blood entering maternal circulation.
  • Antenatal FMH presents variedly and can lead to fetal anemia, neurologic injury, stillbirth, or neonatal death.
  • Decreased fetal movement is a common sign, necessitating high suspicion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the underrecognized and underreported nature of antenatal fetomaternal hemorrhage.
  • To emphasize the need for improved diagnostic and management strategies.
  • To advocate for a national registry to enhance understanding and collaboration.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical presentations of antenatal fetomaternal hemorrhage.
  • Analysis of fetal heart rate tracings associated with FMH.
  • Evaluation of management strategies and patient outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Antenatal FMH often lacks clear precipitating factors.
  • The Kleihauer-Betke screen, a diagnostic standard, has limitations.
  • Management is challenging, with intrauterine transfusions or delivery sometimes required.

Conclusions:

  • Antenatal fetomaternal hemorrhage is a rare but serious condition with potentially devastating fetal consequences.
  • Improved diagnostic tools and management protocols are needed.
  • A national registry is essential for advancing knowledge and improving care for FMH.