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[Pharmacokinetic and clinical studies on cefpirome in pediatrics]
Insights
Cefpirome (CPR) demonstrates broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and favorable pharmacokinetics in pediatric patients. This new cephalosporin antibiotic shows high efficacy and a good safety profile for treating bacterial infections in children.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Pediatrics
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Cefpirome (CPR) is a novel parenteral cephalosporin antibiotic.
- Pediatric infections require effective and safe antimicrobial agents.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the pharmacokinetic profile of Cefpirome (CPR).
- To assess the bacteriological and clinical efficacy of CPR in pediatric patients.
- To determine the safety and side effects of CPR in the pediatric population.
Main Methods:
- Pharmacokinetic analysis including plasma concentrations and half-life (T 1/2 beta) after intravenous administration.
- Assessment of antibacterial activity against a range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
- Clinical evaluation of efficacy and monitoring of adverse events in pediatric patients.
Main Results:
- CPR exhibited potent activity against common pediatric pathogens like Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Escherichia coli.
- Pharmacokinetic studies showed a T 1/2 beta of approximately 1-1.5 hours, with urinary recovery rates of 45.2-63.9%.
- Clinical efficacy was high (98.4%), with a 95.7% eradication rate of causative organisms. Diarrhea was the most common side effect (8.2%).
Conclusions:
- Cefpirome (CPR) possesses significant antibacterial properties and predictable pharmacokinetics in pediatric patients.
- CPR demonstrated excellent clinical efficacy and a favorable safety profile, making it a promising option for treating pediatric bacterial infections.
- Further studies may confirm CPR's role as a valuable therapeutic agent in pediatric infectious disease management.
Abstract:
Cefpirome (CPR, HR 810), a new parenteral cephalosporin antibiotic, was studied for its pharmacokinetics, bacteriological and clinical effects in the field of pediatrics. 1. CPR was very active against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Coagulase-negative staphylococci, Streptococcus pneumoniae among Gram-positive cocci. Antibacterial activities of CPR were also strong against Branhamella catarrhalis, Haemophilus influenzae, Escherichia coli, Salmonella sp., Klebsiella oxytoca, Enterobacter cloacae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa among Gram-negative rods. 2. The plasma concentration 15 minutes after a bolus intravenous injection of 20 mg/kg was 80.4 micrograms/ml, and the T 1/2 (beta) was 1.03 hours. Plasma concentrations after intravenous drip infusion over 30 minutes of 20 mg/kg and 25 mg/kg were 48.3 and 117 micrograms/ml at the end of infusion, and T 1/2 (beta) for these dosage were 1.14 and 1.45 hours. 3. The urinary recovery rates over 6 hours after administration were 45.2-63.9% for CPR. 4. Clinical efficacies of CPR were excellent in 31 patients and good in 30 patients with an efficacy rate of 98.4%. In bacteriological examinations, causative organisms were eradicated with an eradication rate of 95.7%. 5. As side effects, diarrhea was observed in 5 patients and loose stool in 1 patient with an incidence of 8.2%. Abnormal values were found in some patients in clinical laboratory tests for eosinophilia, thrombocytosis and an elevation of GOT, GPT and triglyceride. These findings indicate that CPR will be useful against bacterial infections in pediatrics.