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Aortic valve sclerosis in patients with peripheral and/or coronary arterial disease

Maria-Angela Losi1, Gregorio Brevetti, Vittorio Schiano

  • 1Department of Clinical Medicine, Cardiovascular & Immunological Sciences, Federico II University School of Medicine, Naples, Italy. losi@unina.it

Echocardiography (Mount Kisco, N.Y.)
|April 24, 2010
PubMed

Insights

Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is associated with a higher prevalence of aortic valve sclerosis (AVS) than coronary arterial disease (CAD). Patients with both PAD and CAD have a similar AVS prevalence to those with PAD alone.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Vascular Medicine
  • Echocardiography

Background:

  • Aortic valve sclerosis (AVS) is a cardiovascular risk marker, more prevalent in the elderly and those with hypertension or coronary arterial disease (CAD).
  • Limited data exist on AVS prevalence in patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and combined CAD and PAD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence of AVS in patients with stable CAD, PAD, and both CAD and PAD.

Main Methods:

  • Echocardiography was used to assess AVS in 57 patients with stable CAD, 38 with PAD, and 62 with CAD + PAD.
  • Statistical analysis compared AVS prevalence and risk across the patient groups.

Main Results:

  • AVS prevalence increased progressively across the groups (P = 0.005).
  • PAD patients showed double the AVS prevalence of CAD patients (42.1% vs. 22.8%, P < 0.05), with a 4.6-fold increased risk.
  • The CAD + PAD group had a higher AVS prevalence than the CAD group (50.8% vs. 22.8%, P = 0.001), with a 3.8-fold increased risk. AVS prevalence was similar between CAD + PAD and PAD groups (50.8% vs. 42.1%, P = 0.36).
  • Age was significantly related to AVS in both analyses, but classical cardiovascular risk factors were not.

Conclusions:

  • Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is associated with a significantly higher prevalence of aortic valve sclerosis (AVS) compared to coronary arterial disease (CAD).
  • In patients with co-existing PAD and CAD, the prevalence of AVS is comparable to that observed in patients with PAD alone.
Abstract

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