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Related Concept Videos

Infection01:20

Infection

When a pathogen enters the body and reproduces, it can cause an infection, damage body cells, and cause illness symptoms that eventually lead to disease. Therefore, its prevention requires breaking the chain of infection.
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...
Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures01:22

Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures

Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...
Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection01:26

Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection

The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin create...
Bacterial Signaling01:30

Bacterial Signaling

Bacterial signaling can occur within bacteria (intracellular) or between bacteria (intercellular). At times, a group of bacteria behaves like a community. To achieve this, they engage in quorum sensing, the perception of higher cell density that causes changes in gene expression. Quorum sensing involves both extracellular and intracellular signaling. The signaling cascade starts with a molecule called an autoinducer (AI). Individual bacteria produce AIs that move out of the bacterial cell...
Hand hygiene01:23

Hand hygiene

Asepsis is the practice of preventing or breaking the chain of infection. The nurse employs aseptic techniques to prevent the spread of microorganisms and reduce the risk of diseases. Hand hygiene is the cornerstone of aseptic techniques and is classified into medical and surgical asepsis. Medical asepsis includes hand hygiene and the use of gloves. Surgical asepsis, or the sterile technique, refers to practices that render and keep objects and areas free of microorganisms.
Hand washing...
Healthcare Associated Infections I: Iatrogenic, Exogenic and Endogenic01:26

Healthcare Associated Infections I: Iatrogenic, Exogenic and Endogenic

Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) occur in a healthcare facility while a person receives care for another ailment. This category also includes work-related infections among healthcare staff.
HAIs significantly increase the cost of health care. Extended stays in healthcare institutions, increased disability, increased costs of medications, including specialized antibiotics, and prolonged recovery times add to the patient's expenses and the healthcare institution and funding bodies. Common...

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Optical Screening of Novel Bacteria-specific Probes on Ex Vivo Human Lung Tissue by Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy
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Device related infections: are we making progress?

William L Holman1, Salpy V Pamboukian, David C McGiffin

  • 1Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA. wholman@uab.edu

Journal of Cardiac Surgery
|April 24, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Infection complications with mechanical circulatory support devices (MCSDs) remain a challenge, but progress is being made in prevention and management strategies for improved patient outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Infection is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with mechanical circulatory support devices (MCSDs).
  • Sepsis, pump component infections, and driveline infections limit survival and quality of life for MCSD patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review progress in preventing and managing infection complications in patients with MCSDs.
  • To examine advancements in patient selection, device design, surgical techniques, and perioperative management.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature and clinical data concerning infection rates and outcomes in MCSD patients.
  • Analysis of the impact of device characteristics (size, implantation type) and management strategies on infection incidence.

Main Results:

  • Evidence suggests progress in reducing infection incidence through improved patient selection, device design, and surgical techniques.
  • Smaller pumps and fully implanted systems may offer lower infection risks.
  • Optimized driveline design and care, alongside enhanced perioperative management, show potential for diminishing infection rates and consequences.

Conclusions:

  • While infection remains a critical issue for MCSD recipients, advancements indicate positive trends in mitigation.
  • Continued research and implementation of improved strategies are crucial for further enhancing patient safety and outcomes.