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Related Concept Videos

Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics01:29

Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics

Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
International Nursing Organizations I01:23

International Nursing Organizations I

International Nursing Organization (ICN) is a global union of national nurses' organizations. Individual nurses can be a part of ICN through member organizations. Each member organization strives to ensure quality nursing care, sound health policies, the advancement of nursing knowledge, respect for the profession, and a satisfied and competent nursing workforce.
ICN member organizations work to advance the field of nursing and healthcare via policies, partnerships, lobbying, professional...
Immunodeficiency Diseases01:25

Immunodeficiency Diseases

Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency disorders...
Development of Immunocompetence01:22

Development of Immunocompetence

The initiation of cell-mediated immunity can be observed as early as the third month of fetal growth, with active antibody-mediated immunity following approximately one month later.
The initial cells that migrate from the fetal thymus settle within the skin and epithelial tissues lining the mouth, digestive tract, and in females, the uterus and vagina. These cells, including skin-based dendritic cells, serve as antigen-presenting cells, playing a key role in T cell activation.
Subsequent T...
Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity01:26

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity

An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and reactivity.
Vaccinations01:51

Vaccinations

Overview

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India's National Technical Advisory Group on Immunisation.

T Jacob John1

  • 1National Technical Advisory Group on Immunisation, New Delhi, India. tjacobjohn@yahoo.co.in

Vaccine
|April 24, 2010
PubMed
Summary

The National Technical Advisory Group on Immunisation in India (NTAGI) guides new vaccine introductions and strengthens the Universal Immunisation Programme (UIP). Challenges include monitoring recommendations, addressing research gaps, and enhancing UIP oversight.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Immunisation Policy
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • The National Technical Advisory Group on Immunisation in India (NTAGI) is crucial for evidence-based decision-making.
  • Its role has evolved with India's immunisation priorities and the Universal Immunisation Programme (UIP).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the functions and evolution of NTAGI.
  • To identify current challenges in NTAGI's operations and the UIP.
  • To propose areas for improvement in vaccine policy and implementation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of NTAGI's historical development and current mandate.
  • Analysis of challenges in recommendation monitoring and research support.
  • Assessment of technical assistance needs for UIP review.

Main Results:

  • NTAGI's scope has broadened to meet national immunisation needs.
  • Key challenges involve institutionalizing follow-up mechanisms and research.
  • There is a need for enhanced technical support for UIP monitoring.

Conclusions:

  • Strengthening NTAGI's operational mechanisms is vital for effective vaccine policy.
  • Addressing information gaps through research is essential.
  • Continuous technical assistance is required for robust UIP performance.