Psychological needs of Japanese American elders: implications for culturally competent interventions

This qualitative study aims to explore the psychological needs of Nikkei (individuals of Japanese ancestry) elders that might influence their treatment seeking behaviors and service preferences. We conducted in-depth interviews with multiple community sources, including 41 Nikkei elders; 11 adult family members, friends, or personal caregivers; and 8 professional providers who served Nikkei elders in the greater Chicago metropolitan area. Data were analyzed using the Atlas.ti software. Applying the life course perspective, we aimed to understand similarities and differences among Nikkei elders in terms of their psychological needs. Results indicated that Nikkei elders shared five psychological needs including independence, cultural connection, social connection, feeling useful, and maintaining pride and dignity. Variations in psychological needs among Nikkei elders existed according to life experiences, generation, acculturation level, gender, socioeconomic status, and proximity to family members. We concluded by discussing the implications of our findings and suggestions to better meet the diverse health and service needs of Nikkei elders.