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Related Concept Videos

Depressive Disorders: MDD and Dysthymia01:27

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Depressive disorders are a group of mental health conditions characterized by pervasive feelings of sadness, diminished pleasure in life, and a significant impact on daily functioning. These conditions are most prevalent in individuals during their 30s and affect women at twice the rate of men. Contrary to popular belief, younger individuals are generally more susceptible to these disorders than older adults. Two key types of depressive disorders include Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and...
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Long-term Depression01:03

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Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
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Long-term Depression01:05

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Depressive disorders result from a complex interplay of biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors, each contributing uniquely to the development and persistence of the condition. Understanding these factors provides critical insight into the multifaceted nature of depression.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Cell-free Biochemical Fluorometric Enzymatic Assay for High-throughput Measurement of Lipid Peroxidation in High Density Lipoprotein
07:29

Cell-free Biochemical Fluorometric Enzymatic Assay for High-throughput Measurement of Lipid Peroxidation in High Density Lipoprotein

Published on: October 12, 2017

Elevated depressive symptoms and compositional changes in LDL particles in middle-aged men.

Soili M Lehto1, Anu Ruusunen, Leo Niskanen

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Kuopio University Hospital, 70210, Kuopio, Finland. Soili.Lehto@kuh.fi

European Journal of Epidemiology
|April 24, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Depression is linked to cardiovascular disease, but not through small low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particle size. Lower total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol levels were associated with elevated depressive symptoms in Finnish men.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Cell-free Biochemical Fluorometric Enzymatic Assay for High-throughput Measurement of Lipid Peroxidation in High Density Lipoprotein
07:29

Cell-free Biochemical Fluorometric Enzymatic Assay for High-throughput Measurement of Lipid Peroxidation in High Density Lipoprotein

Published on: October 12, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Science
  • Psychiatry
  • Metabolic Health

Background:

  • Depression and cardiovascular disease (CVD) share a complex association.
  • Mechanisms linking depression and CVD risk, particularly concerning lipid profiles, remain unclear.
  • Small low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particle size and elevated apolipoprotein B (ApoB) are linked to increased CVD risk, even with low LDL cholesterol.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between elevated depressive symptoms and serum LDL particle composition in middle-aged Finnish men.
  • To determine if smaller LDL particle size underlies the link between depression and cardiovascular risk.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed depressive symptoms using the 18-item Human Population Laboratory Depression Scale in 2,456 men.
  • Measured serum lipids: total cholesterol (TC), LDL cholesterol (LDL-C), HDL cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG), and ApoB.
  • Calculated the LDL-C/ApoB ratio as a marker of LDL particle size and composition.

Main Results:

  • Men with elevated depressive symptoms had significantly lower serum TC and LDL-C levels.
  • No significant difference was found in the LDL-C/ApoB ratio between depressed and non-depressed groups.
  • Decreased TC and LDL-C levels were associated with an increased likelihood of elevated depressive symptoms.

Conclusions:

  • Elevated depressive symptoms in middle-aged men are associated with lower serum TC and LDL-C levels.
  • Small LDL particle size is unlikely to be the mechanism explaining the association between cardiovascular risk and depression.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the specific pathways connecting depression and cardiovascular health.