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Related Concept Videos

Exercise and Muscle Performance01:27

Exercise and Muscle Performance

Exercise induces a range of adaptations in muscle tissue, depending on the type and duration of activity. Such physical training can be broadly categorized into two types: endurance exercises and resistance exercises.
Endurance exercises
Endurance exercises involve running, swimming, or cycling, which require repetitive movements with low force output. When a person engages in endurance exercise, a few noticeable changes occur in their skeletal muscles. For instance, the number of capillaries...
Force and Momentum01:17

Force and Momentum

Force and momentum are intimately related. Force acting over time can change momentum, and Newton's second law of motion can be stated in its most broadly applicable form in terms of momentum. Momentum can be applied to systems where the mass is changing, such as rockets, as well as to systems of constant mass. Also, momentum continues to be a key concept in the study of atomic and subatomic particles in quantum mechanics. One can consider systems with varying mass in some detail; however, the...
The Muscular System01:18

The Muscular System

The muscular system is essential to the body's overall structure and function, playing a crucial role in movement, stability, and internal processes. It consists of three distinct types of muscle tissue: the skeletal, the smooth, and the cardiac muscles.
Motor Unit Stimulation01:20

Motor Unit Stimulation

When the neuron of a motor unit fires an action potential, it triggers a series of events, leading to a twitch contraction in the muscle fibers. The process of excitation-contraction coupling is crucial in relaying the action potential to the muscle fibers.
The latent period of contraction marks the onset of excitation-contraction coupling, when the action potential propagates across the sarcolemma, preparing the muscle fibers for contraction. As the fibers enter the contraction phase, the...
Muscle Coordination and Action01:24

Muscle Coordination and Action

Muscle coordination is a complex and finely tuned process essential for smooth and purposeful movements like flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, and rotation. The human body orchestrates the actions of various muscles working in concert, each with a specific role. Four functional types describe how muscles work together: agonist, antagonist, synergist, and fixator.
Agonists
Agonist muscles, often called prime movers, are the primary muscles responsible for producing a specific movement.
Projectile Motion01:20

Projectile Motion

An object thrown in the air follows a parabolic path under the influence of Earth's gravitational force. The motion of such an object is called projectile motion, and the object itself a projectile. The parabolic path followed by the projectile is called the trajectory. Some common examples of projectile motion are the launching of fireworks, a golf ball in the air, meteors entering the Earth's atmosphere, and the firing of bullets.
When an object falls under gravity and has no horizontal...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Importance of Jumping Ability in Handball Throwing Speed and Accuracy
02:43

Importance of Jumping Ability in Handball Throwing Speed and Accuracy

Published on: April 4, 2025

Throwing performance is associated with muscular power.

M Bourdin1, O Rambaud, S Dorel

  • 1Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, INRETS, LBMC, UMR_T 9406, Oullins, France. Muriel.Bourdin@univ-lyon1.fr

International Journal of Sports Medicine
|April 27, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Athletic throwing performance is linked to muscular strength and lower limb stiffness. Upper body strength and velocity also correlate with throwing success, highlighting the importance of both limb characteristics.

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Muscle Imbalances: Testing and Training Functional Eccentric Hamstring Strength in Athletic Populations
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Importance of Jumping Ability in Handball Throwing Speed and Accuracy
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Construction of Constant-Load (Isotonic) and Constant-Velocity (Isokinetic) Torque-Velocity-Power Profiles In vivo for the Rat Plantar Flexors
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Muscle Imbalances: Testing and Training Functional Eccentric Hamstring Strength in Athletic Populations
07:30

Muscle Imbalances: Testing and Training Functional Eccentric Hamstring Strength in Athletic Populations

Published on: May 1, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Sports Science
  • Biomechanics
  • Human Movement

Background:

  • Throwing events demand complex movements involving both upper and lower limbs.
  • Understanding the relationship between muscular characteristics and throwing performance is crucial for athlete development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between upper and lower limb muscular characteristics and throwing performance.
  • To test the hypothesis that specific strength, power, and stiffness metrics predict throwing success.

Main Methods:

  • Thirty-eight male throwers participated in maximal power testing for upper (bench press) and lower limbs (half squat) using a kinematic system.
  • Lower limb stiffness was assessed during maximal hopping.
  • Maximal power, optimal velocity, and force were extrapolated from power-velocity relationships.

Main Results:

  • Maximal power in both half squat (P(max)S) and bench press (P(max)BP) significantly correlated with season's best performance (SBP).
  • Lower limb stiffness (K) showed a strong correlation with SBP (R=0.66, P<0.001).
  • Relative P(max)BP also remained significantly correlated with SBP.

Conclusions:

  • High lower limb strength and stiffness are associated with enhanced throwing performance.
  • Upper limb strength and velocity characteristics are also important predictors of throwing success.
  • This study underscores the integrated role of both upper and lower body musculature in athletic throwing.