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Imaging Studies IV: Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Imaging Studies IV: Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Introduction:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, or MRI, can include a specialized imaging technique of the urinary system known as Magnetic Resonance Urography (MRU). This radiation-free technique uses strong magnetic fields and radio waves to produce detailed images with the help of a computer. MRU is particularly effective for visualizing fluid-filled structures like the kidneys, ureters, and bladder.Applications of MRI in the Genitourinary SystemKidneys and Ureters: MRI detects tumors, cysts,...

Imaging Studies V: Intravenous Urography and Retrograde Pyelography

Imaging Studies V: Intravenous Urography and Retrograde Pyelography

IntroductionIntravenous Urography (IVU) and Retrograde Pyelography (RP) are important diagnostic imaging techniques used to evaluate the urinary system. These methods help identify structural abnormalities, obstructions, and functional issues in the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. Both procedures use iodine-based contrast media to enhance the visibility of urinary tract structures on X-ray images, though they differ in their methods and indications.1. Intravenous Urography (IVU)Intravenous...

Imaging Studies II: Ultrasonography

Imaging Studies II: Ultrasonography

IntroductionUltrasonography, or renal ultrasound, is a noninvasive medical imaging technique that uses high-frequency sound waves to visualize the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and surrounding tissues.Indications for Urinary System UltrasonographyUrinary system ultrasonography is indicated in various clinical scenarios, such as:Kidney Stones (Urolithiasis): To detect and monitor the size and presence of kidney or urinary tract stones.Hydronephrosis: To assess the dilation of the renal pelvis and...

Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography

Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography

DefinitionComputed Tomography (CT) of the genitourinary (GU) tract is a non-invasive imaging modality that utilizes X-rays and computer processing to generate detailed cross-sectional images of the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and adjacent structures such as the adrenal glands.PurposeCT scans of the GU tract serve several diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Diseases: Detects kidney stones, tumors, cysts, and congenital...

Imaging Studies I: Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder Studies

Imaging Studies I: Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder Studies

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder (KUB) StudiesKidney, Ureter, and Bladder (KUB) studies are standard diagnostic imaging procedures used to assess the anatomy of the urinary system. They are commonly utilized for patients experiencing abdominal pain or urinary symptoms. By using a simple X-ray of the abdomen, KUB studies can reveal structural and pathological abnormalities within the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. These studies are particularly valuable in diagnosing kidney stones, urinary...

Imaging Studies VI: Voiding Cystourethrography and Cystography

Imaging Studies VI: Voiding Cystourethrography and Cystography

Voiding Cystourethrography (VCUG) and Cystography are specialized radiographic procedures used to examine the structure and function of the bladder and urethra.Voiding Cystourethrography (VCUG)A Voiding Cystourethrogram (VCUG) is a diagnostic imaging procedure that assesses the anatomy and function of the lower urinary tract. It focuses on the bladder, bladder neck, and urethra, helping detect abnormalities such as vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)—the backward or reverse flow of urine into the...

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Updated: Jun 13, 2026

In Vivo, Percutaneous, Needle Based, Optical Coherence Tomography of Renal Masses

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Published on: March 30, 2015

[Imaging capabilities in upper urothelial malignancies differentiation].

B B Marković¹, H M Maksimović, T Pejcić

¹Odeljenje urogenitalne radiologije, Centar za radiologiju i MRI, Klinicki Centar Srbije, Beograd.

Acta Chirurgica Iugoslavica

|April 28, 2010

Summary

Imaging procedures show high accuracy in diagnosing upper tract urothelial malignancies. Computed tomography is a definitive tool, though individual adaptation of diagnostic algorithms is crucial for precise surgical planning.

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Patient-derived Orthotopic Xenograft Models for Human Urothelial Cell Carcinoma and Colorectal Cancer Tumor Growth and Spontaneous Metastasis

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Published on: May 12, 2019

Area of Science:

Urology
Radiology
Oncology

Background:

Accurate characterization of upper tract urothelial malignancies is essential for effective treatment planning.
Imaging modalities play a critical role in differentiating renal masses and upper tract tumors.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of imaging procedures for upper tract urothelial malignancies.
To assess the diagnostic performance of imaging according to the American Urology Association algorithm.

Main Methods:

Analysis of 242 patients with kidney tumor masses operated between 2006-2007.
Pathohistological examination to confirm diagnoses in 210 renal parenchyma and 32 upper urothelial tumors.

Main Results:

Computed tomography (CT) demonstrated sufficient diagnostic capability for both renal epithelial and upper urothelial malignancies.
Preoperative imaging findings differed from histopathology in only 1.60% of cases (4/242), potentially leading to suboptimal surgical plans.

Conclusions:

Understanding the capabilities and limitations of imaging modalities is vital for accurate diagnosis.
While adhering to established algorithms, individualized adaptation of imaging protocols is necessary for optimal patient care.