[Outcome and relevant factors of tubal pregnancy treated with laparoscopic conservative surgery]

To investigate the therapeutic outcome and its influencing factors after laparoscopic conservative surgery in treatment of tubal pregnancy.

From January 2003 to December 2008, 226 cases with tubal pregnancy were treated by laparoscopic conservative surgery. The tubal patency was evaluated in 152 cases given by hysterosalpingography (HSG) and 6 cases given by second laparoscopic exploration at 3 - 6 months after surgery. In their first laparoscopic surgeries, 209 got successful treatment and 19 underwent fail treatment. At 3 - 6 months after surgery, 89 cases with tubal patency among 207 cases with successful treatment were enrolled in group A. Nineteen cases who were failed in their first laparoscopic conservative surgery and treated by salpingectomy and 63 cases with tubal obstruction were enrolled in group B. The rate of tubal patency was calculated on patients with characteristics of gestational sac less or more than 5 cm, the level serum human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) less than 2000 IU/L, 2000 IU/L to 5000 IU/L, and more than 5000 IU/L.

There was no significant difference in age, parity, amenorrhea, location of tubal pregnancy, rupture, pelvic adhesion between group A and group B. Two hundred and seven cases (91.6%, 207/226) were successfully treated at initial laparoscopy. One hundred and fifty-two cases got follow up and 55 cases lost follow up at 3 to 6 months after surgery. There was statistical difference in preoperative hCG value which median were 980 (55 - 12 000) IU/L in group A, 3150 (570 - 40 000) IU/L in group B (P < 0.01); the diameter of tubal gestational sac were (3.4 +/- 1.3) cm in group A and (5.0 +/- 1.7) cm in group B (P < 0.01); respectively, the volume of peritoneal bleeding were 200 (0 - 1500) ml and 300 (0 - 1600) ml, the rate of live tubal embryo was 2% (2/89) in group A and 11% (9/82) in group B, which all reached statistical difference (P < 0.05). Among 171 cases in both group A and B, the rate of tubal patency were 65% (67/103) in 103 cases with maximal diameter of tubal gestational sac less than 5 cm and 32% (22/68) in 68 cases with maximal diameter of tubal gestational sac more than 5 cm, which reached statistical difference (P < 0.01). The rate were 72% (73/102) in patients with serum level of hCG less than 2000 IU/L, 29% (12/42) in patients with 2000 IU/L to 5000 IU/L and 15% (4/27) in patients with more than 5000 IU/L, which also showed statistical difference (P < 0.05). It was observed that preoperative serum hCG level (OR = 0.277, P < 0.01), the maximal diameter of gestational sac (OR = 0.577, P < 0.01) and the volume of peritoneal bleeding (OR = 0.999, P < 0.05) were significant factors influencing successful laparoscopy treatment by logistical regression analysis.

In order to preserve fertility, laparoscopic conservative surgery was a safe and feasible approach in treatment of tubal pregnancy. Preoperative serum hCG levels, size of tube gestational sac were significant factors influencing successful laparoscopic surgery.