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Related Concept Videos

Computed Tomography01:10

Computed Tomography

Tomography refers to imaging by sections. Computed tomography (CT) is a non-invasive imaging technique that uses computers to analyze several cross-sectional X-rays to reveal minute details about structures in the body.
The technique was invented in the 1970s and is based on the principle that as X-rays pass through the body, they are absorbed or reflected at different levels. In the technique, a patient lies on a motorized platform while a computerized axial tomography (CAT) scanner rotates...
Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography01:27

Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography

DefinitionComputed Tomography (CT) of the genitourinary (GU) tract is a non-invasive imaging modality that utilizes X-rays and computer processing to generate detailed cross-sectional images of the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and adjacent structures such as the adrenal glands.PurposeCT scans of the GU tract serve several diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Diseases: Detects kidney stones, tumors, cysts, and congenital...
Toroids01:27

Toroids

A toroid is a closely wound donut-shaped coil constructed using a single conducting wire. In general, it is assumed that a toriod consists of multiple circular loops perpendicular to its axis.
When connected to a supply, the magnetic field generated in the toroid has field lines circular and concentric to its axis. Conventionally, the direction of this magnetic field is expressed using the right-hand rule. If the fingers of the right hand curl in the current direction, the thumb points in the...
Positron Emission Tomography01:29

Positron Emission Tomography

Positron emission tomography (PET) is a medical imaging technique involving radiopharmaceuticals — substances that emit short-lived radiation. Although the first PET scanner was introduced in 1961, it took 15 more years before radiopharmaceuticals were combined with the technique and revolutionized its potential.
One of the main requirements of a PET scan is a positron-emitting radioisotope, which is produced in a cyclotron and then attached to a substance used by the part of the body being...
Torsion of Noncircular Members01:16

Torsion of Noncircular Members

Circular shafts undergoing torsional stress maintain their cross-sectional integrity due to their axisymmetric nature. This symmetry ensures an even distribution of stress, allowing the shaft to withstand torsion without distorting. In contrast, square bars, lacking this axial symmetry, experience significant distortion across their cross-sections when subjected to torsion, with the exception of along their diagonals and at lines connecting midpoints. A detailed examination of a cubic element...
Electron Microscope Tomography and Single-particle Reconstruction01:07

Electron Microscope Tomography and Single-particle Reconstruction

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) can be used to determine the 3D structure of biological samples with the help of techniques such as electron microscope tomography and single-particle reconstruction. While single-particle reconstruction can examine macromolecules and macromolecular complexes in vitro conditions only, tomography permits the study of cell components or small cells in vivo.
Electron Tomography
Electron tomography can be performed either in TEM or STEM (scanning transmission...

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Visualization of Failure and the Associated Grain-Scale Mechanical Behavior of Granular Soils under Shear using Synchrotron X-Ray Micro-Tomography
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Published on: September 29, 2019

Computed tomography simulation using supertoroids.

Yingkang Hu1, Jiehua Zhu

  • 1Department of Mathematical Sciences, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA, USA. yhu@georgiasouthern.edu

Journal of X-Ray Science and Technology
|April 28, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a new algorithm for ray-intersecting supertoroids, enhancing realistic analytic simulation in computed tomography (CT) for improved X-ray CT research and development.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Computational Science
  • Geometric Modeling

Background:

  • Analytic simulation in computed tomography (CT) is crucial for developing and refining image reconstruction algorithms.
  • Existing CT phantoms, like Shepp-Logan and FORBILD, use basic shapes, limiting realism.
  • Superquadrics offer more realistic shapes but pose computational challenges for ray-tracing and X-ray transforms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel algorithm for ray-intersecting supertoroids for CT analytic simulation.
  • To enable more realistic geometric modeling in X-ray CT research.
  • To improve the accuracy and efficiency of X-ray transform computations.

Main Methods:

  • Proposed a new algorithm for ray-intersecting supertoroids.
  • Integrated the supertoroid intersection algorithm into CT analytic simulation.
  • Utilized the algorithm for computing X-ray transform.
  • Tested the algorithm with a phantom of vertebrae and ribs.

Main Results:

  • Successfully developed and implemented a ray-intersection algorithm for supertoroids.
  • Generated cone-beam data from a supertoroid-based phantom.
  • Demonstrated the algorithm's utility in reconstructing the phantom from simulated data.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed supertoroid ray-intersection algorithm advances realistic analytic simulation in CT.
  • This method facilitates more complex and accurate phantom modeling for X-ray CT research.
  • The developed technique aids in the evaluation and improvement of CT image reconstruction algorithms.